具有连接和动态列的 SQL SERVER PIVOT 表

Question

我有一个查询需要转置并且遇到了问题。

SQL Server 的版本是 2005 和 2008。

查询来源于公用表表达式

DECLARE 
@cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@in_iYearFrom int, @in_iYearTo int,
@in_iMonthFrom int, @in_iMonthTo int,
@in_vsPlanID varchar(100)
@cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@in_iYearFrom int, @in_iYearTo int,
@in_iMonthFrom int, @in_iMonthTo int,
@in_vsPlanID varchar(100)    

SELECT 
 @in_iYearFrom = 2012, @in_iYearTo = 2013, @in_iMonthFrom = 11, @in_iMonthTo = 2, @in_vsPlanID = '25,28'

select @cols = STUFF(
            (SELECT DISTINCT
                ',' + QUOTENAME(Convert(varchar(4),Year(b.run_date)) + ', ' +  DateName(month,b.run_date)) AS run_date
                FROM tblBill b
                WHERE b.plan_id IN (SELECT * FROM dbo.fnStringToTable(@in_vsPlanID,','))
                AND Year(b.run_date) * 100 + MONTH(b.run_date) >= @in_iYearFrom * 100 + @in_iMonthFrom
                AND Year(b.run_date) * 100 + MONTH(b.run_date) <= @in_iYearTo * 100 + @in_iMonthTo 
                GROUP BY b.run_date
                ORDER BY run_date
        FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
        ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
    ,1,1,'')

SET @query = N'
;WITH cteBills (total_premium, run_month, run_year, plan_id) AS
(
 SELECT 
SUM(Round(ebs.employee_premium,2) + Round(ebs.employer_premium,2) + 
    Round(ebs.ee_tax_prov,2) + Round(ebs.er_tax_prov,2) + 
    Round(ebs.ee_tax_fed,2) + Round(ebs.er_tax_fed,2) + 
    Round(ebs.ee_tax_hst,2) + Round(ebs.er_tax_hst,2)
) AS total_premium,
Month(b.run_date), Year(b.run_date), b.plan_id
FROM EmpBillStatement ebs 
INNER JOIN tblBillStatementBenefit bsb ON bsb.billstatementbenefit_id = ebs.billstatementbenefit_id
INNER JOIN tblBillStatement bs ON bs.billstatement_id = bsb.billstatement_id
INNER JOIN tblBill b ON b.bill_id = bs.bill_id
WHERE b.plan_id IN (SELECT * FROM dbo.fnStringToTable(@vsPlanID, '',''))
AND Year(b.run_date) * 100 + MONTH(b.run_date) >= @iYearFrom * 100 + @iMonthFrom
AND Year(b.run_date) * 100 + MONTH(b.run_date) <= @iYearTo * 100 + @iMonthTo 
AND b.confirmed_bill = 1
GROUP BY b.plan_id, Month(b.run_date), Year(b.run_date)
  ),
 cteBillsAdj (total_adj, run_month, run_year, plan_id) AS 
 (            
 SELECT 
   SUM(
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_cost_er,0),2) + 
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_cost_ee,0),2) +
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_tax_ee_prov,0),2) +
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_tax_er_prov,0),2) +
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_tax_ee_hst,0),2) + 
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_tax_er_hst,0),2) + 
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_tax_ee_fed,0),2) + 
    Round(ISNULL(adjust_tax_er_fed,0),2)
) AS total_premium,
Month(b.run_date), Year(b.run_date), b.plan_id
FROM tblBillAdjustmentBenefit e
INNER JOIN tblBillAdjustment ba ON (ba.billadjustment_id = e.billadjustment_id)
INNER JOIN tblBillStatementBenefit bsb ON bsb.billstatementbenefit_id = e.billstatementbenefit_id
INNER JOIN tblBillStatement bs ON bs.billstatement_id = bsb.billstatement_id                 
INNER JOIN tblBill b ON b.bill_id = bs.bill_id
WHERE b.plan_id IN (SELECT * FROM dbo.fnStringToTable(@vsPlanID, '',''))
AND Year(b.run_date) * 100 + MONTH(b.run_date) >= @iYearFrom * 100 + @iMonthFrom
AND Year(b.run_date) * 100 + MONTH(b.run_date) <= @iYearTo * 100 + @iMonthTo 
AND b.confirmed_bill = 1
GROUP BY b.plan_id, Month(b.run_date), Year(b.run_date)
)
select plan_id, ' + @cols + '
 from
 (
   SELECT 
    b.plan_id, 
    (Convert(varchar(4),b.run_year) + '', '' +  DateName(month,CAST(''1900-'' + Convert(varchar(2),b.run_month) + ''-01'' AS DATETIME))) AS billdate, 
    ISNULL(b.total_premium,0) + ISNULL(a.total_adj,0) AS total
FROM cteBills b
LEFT JOIN cteBillsAdj a 
    ON a.run_month = b.run_month 
    AND b.run_year = a.run_year 
    AND b.plan_id = a.plan_id        
) d
pivot
(
  sum(total)
  for billdate in (' + @cols + ')
) piv;
'
execute sp_executesql @query, N'@iYearFrom int, @iYearTo int, @iMonthFrom int, @iMonthTo int, @vsPlanID varchar(100)', 
                                @in_iYearFrom, @in_iYearTo, @in_iMonthFrom, @in_iMonthTo, @in_vsPlanID;

数据是这样显示的

plan_id     billdate                             total
----------- ------------------------------------ -------------
25          2012, November                       60117.56000
25          2012, December                       61515.17000
25          2013, January                        60791.62000
25          2013, February                       60745.29000
28          2012, November                       1564.69000
28          2012, December                       1564.69000
28          2013, January                        1564.69000
28          2013, February                       1590.44000

我需要它是这种格式

plan_id     2012, November   2012, December   2013, January   2013, February
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
25          60117.56000      61515.17000      60791.62000     60745.29000
28          1564.69000       1564.69000       1564.69000      1590.44000

可以有更多的plan_id 和更多的日期来跨越。

提前谢谢你

Answer 1

既然您想将数据从行转换为列，那么您将需要使用PIVOT 函数。如果您的数量有限或已知值，则可以对查询进行硬编码：

select plan_id, [2012, November], [2012, December], [2013, January], [2013, February]
from
(
    SELECT 
        b.plan_id, 
        (Convert(varchar(4),b.run_year) + ', ' +  DateName(month,CAST('1900-' + Convert(varchar(2),b.run_month) + '-01' AS DATETIME))) AS billdate, 
        ISNULL(b.total_premium,0) + ISNULL(a.total_adj,0) AS total
    FROM cteBills b
    LEFT JOIN cteBillsAdj a 
        ON a.run_month = b.run_month 
        AND b.run_year = a.run_year 
        AND b.plan_id = a.plan_id
) d
pivot
(
    sum(total)
    for billdate in ([2012, November], [2012, December], [2013, January], [2013, February])
) piv;

但如果你有未知数量的值，那么你将需要实现动态 SQL：

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @cols = STUFF((SELECT  ',' + QUOTENAME(Convert(varchar(4),b.run_year) + ', ' +  DateName(month,CAST('1900-' + Convert(varchar(2),b.run_month) + '-01' AS DATETIME))) ) 
                    from cteBills
                    group by b.run_year, b.run_month
                    order by b.run_year, b.run_month
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query = 'SELECT plan_id, ' + @cols + ' 
            from 
             (
                SELECT 
                    b.plan_id, 
                    (Convert(varchar(4),b.run_year) + '', '' +  DateName(month,CAST(''1900-'' + Convert(varchar(2),b.run_month) + ''-01'' AS DATETIME))) AS billdate, 
                    ISNULL(b.total_premium,0) + ISNULL(a.total_adj,0) AS total
                FROM cteBills b
                LEFT JOIN cteBillsAdj a 
                    ON a.run_month = b.run_month 
                    AND b.run_year = a.run_year 
                    AND b.plan_id = a.plan_id
            ) x
            pivot 
            (
                sum(total)
                for billdate in (' + @cols + ')
            ) p '

execute sp_executesql @query;