将参数从访问变量传递到 SQL Server 存储过程

Question

我正在尝试使用 ADODB 连接将变量/参数从 Access 表传递到 SQL Server 中的存储过程。我在 Access from 和 Access 查询中提取变量（所以我试图传递一个每次执行代码时都会更新的变量）。尝试在 Access VBA 代码中传递以下变量时，我收到以下错误消息：

参数对象定义不正确。提供的信息不一致或不完整。

我是这种编码的新手。有人可以就如何将变量（Access 查询的结果）传递给存储过程，然后在存储过程中调用这些变量提供一些指导吗？

访问 VBA 代码：

        '''CREATE LINKED TABLE THAT PULLS FROM TBL_STATEMENT_MASTER IN SQL
        ''variables to pass to get dFileRE
        '' (1) stateDate
        stateDate = getItem("select distinct paydate from update_statement_master_re")
        '' (2) stateNGN
        stateNGN = getItem("select distinct deal_code from update_statement_master_re")

            user = GetUser()

        '' Connect to Data Source - Securities DB - SQL Server
            Set dbconn = New ADODB.Connection
            dbconn.ConnectionString = "driver=SQL Server;server=R7SQL1;database=SecuritiesDB;trusted_connection=YES"
            dbconn.Open dbconn.ConnectionString
            Set cmd = New ADODB.Command
            cmd.ActiveConnection = dbconn

        '' Set CommandText equal to the stored procedure name (spStatementCheck)
            cmd.CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
            cmd.CommandText = "spStatementCheck"
            cmd.NamedParameters = True 'paramStatementCheck'

'' THIS IS THE PART OF THE CODE THAT IS CRASHING – I AM NOT SURE HOW TO CALL THESE VARIABLES
            cmd.Parameters.Append _
                cmd.CreateParameter("@SPstateNGN", adVarChar, adParamInput, 0, "& stateNGN &")
            cmd.Parameters.Append _
                cmd.CreateParameter("@SPstateDate", adDate, adParamInput, 0, "& stateDate &")

SQL Server 存储过程代码：

     USE [SecuritiesDB_TEST]
      GO
     SET ANSI_NULLS ON
      GO
     SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
      GO

     ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[spStatementCheck]
     @SPstateNGN as nvarchar(25),
     @SPstateDate as datetime

      AS

-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;


     -- Insert statements for procedure here

       INSERT INTO UPDATE_Statement_Master_Check ( NGN_Full, [Date], [DESCRIPTION], AMOUNT,     NGN_SHORT, Series, FileDate, EffectiveDate, ActualDate, [Source], ID )
        SELECT tbl_Statement_Master.NGN_Full, tbl_Statement_Master.[Date], 
       tbl_Statement_Master.[DESCRIPTION], 
       tbl_Statement_Master.AMOUNT, 
       tbl_Statement_Master.NGN_SHORT, 
       tbl_Statement_Master.Series, 
       tbl_Statement_Master.FileDate, 
       tbl_Statement_Master.EffectiveDate, 
       tbl_Statement_Master.ActualDate, 
       tbl_Statement_Master.[Source], 
       tbl_Statement_Master.ID
       FROM tbl_Statement_Master
       where tbl_Statement_Master.[Date] <> @SPstateDate
       and tbl_Statement_Master.NGN_Full  = @SPstateNGN
       and tbl_statement_master.FileDate = (Select distinct max(filedate) from tbl_statement_master
       where [DATE] = @SPstateDate and NGN_Full = @SPstateNGN);

Answer 1

当您尝试添加参数时，您只需将变量本身传递到调用中。

'' THIS IS THE PART OF THE CODE THAT IS CRASHING – I AM NOT SURE HOW TO CALL THESE VARIABLES            
cmd.Parameters.Append _
    cmd.CreateParameter("@SPstateNGN", adVarChar, adParamInput, 0, "& stateNGN &")
cmd.Parameters.Append _
    cmd.CreateParameter("@SPstateDate", adDate, adParamInput, 0, "& stateDate &")

问题在于您作为参数传入的 2 个值："& stateNGN &" 和 "& stateDate &"。在这种情况下，您不必对变量做任何花哨的事情，因为它们已经包含您要传递给存储过程的值，CreateParameter 调用将为您处理它们。

所以只需将这些调用更改为：

cmd.Parameters.Append _
    cmd.CreateParameter("@SPstateNGN", adVarChar, adParamInput, 0, stateNGN)
cmd.Parameters.Append _
    cmd.CreateParameter("@SPstateDate", adDate, adParamInput, 0, stateDate)

请注意，您也可以在一个步骤中创建参数，然后在后续步骤中为其分配一个值，这与上面采用的一体化方法相反。 CreateParameter 的更多示例可以在各种 Stack Overflow 线程和 MSDN 网站上找到。