SQL Server 日志记录/用户跟踪功能

Question

我们最近转换了一个 Access 应用程序以将日期存储在 SQL 服务器上。表单仍驻留在 MS Access 中，但通过文件 DSN 链接到 SQL 服务器。

关于在 SQL Server 中跟踪用户活动的功能提出了一个问题。

我推测如果我们在 SQL Server 中设置个人用户并在用户计算机上设置 DSN 时使用这些个人帐户，那么我们可能可以使用 SQL Server 来跟踪用户活动。这是真的吗？

我们目前有 SQL Server 2005 标准，但很快就会升级到 2008。

感谢您的任何建议！

Answer 1

当您升级到 SQL 2008 时，您将拥有 Change Data Capture。

Answer 2

我目前正在跟踪 DDL 更改，所以这里有一个 DDL 触发器，它具有所需的 2 个函数和表结构……在为“DbVersion”（例如 2.3.4）和“ DbType”（例如 dev 、 test 、 prod ）并将 [ga] 命名空间替换为您选择的命名空间或创建一个 ... 编辑：如果对象是新的，则修复了 null 版本的错误 ...

USE [GA_DEV]
GO

/****** Object:  DdlTrigger [TraceDbChanges]    Script Date: 05/07/2009 11:15:57 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO


create trigger [TraceDbChanges]
on database
for create_procedure, alter_procedure, drop_procedure,
create_table, alter_table, drop_table,
create_function, alter_function, drop_function , 
create_trigger , alter_trigger , drop_trigger 
as

set nocount on

declare @data xml
set @data = EVENTDATA()
declare @DbVersion varchar(20)
set @DbVersion =(select ga.GetDbVersion())
declare @DbType varchar(20)
set @DbType =(select ga.GetDbType())
declare @DbName varchar(256)
set @DbName =@data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/DatabaseName)[1]', 'varchar(256)')
declare @EventType varchar(256)
set @EventType =@data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/EventType)[1]', 'varchar(50)')
declare @ObjectName varchar(256)
set @ObjectName  = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ObjectName)[1]', 'varchar(256)')
declare @ObjectType varchar(25)
set @ObjectType = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ObjectType)[1]', 'varchar(25)')
declare @TSQLCommand varchar(max)
set @TSQLCommand = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand)[1]', 'varchar(max)')
declare @opentag varchar(4)
set @opentag= '<'
declare @closetag varchar(4) 
set @closetag= '>'
declare @newDataTxt varchar(max) 
set @newDataTxt= cast(@data as varchar(max))
set @newDataTxt = REPLACE ( REPLACE(@newDataTxt , @opentag , '<') , @closetag , '>')
-- print @newDataTxt
declare @newDataXml xml 
set @newDataXml = CONVERT ( xml , @newDataTxt)

declare @Version varchar(50)
set @Version = @newDataXml.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand/CommandText/Version)[1]', 'varchar(50)')

-- if we are dropping take the version from the existing object 
if  ( SUBSTRING(@EventType , 0 , 5)) = 'DROP'
set @Version =( select top 1 [Version]  from ga.DbObjChangeLog where ObjectName=@ObjectName order by [LogId] desc)
if ( @Version is null)
set @Version = '1.0.0'

declare @Description varchar(max)
set @Description = @newDataXml.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand/CommandText/Description)[1]', 'varchar(max)')

declare @ChangeDescription varchar(max)
set @ChangeDescription = @newDataXml.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand/CommandText/ChangeDescription)[1]', 'varchar(max)')

declare @LoginName varchar(256) 
set @LoginName = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/LoginName)[1]', 'varchar(256)')
declare @FirstName varchar(50)
set @FirstName= (select [FirstName] from [ga].[LoginsForUsers] where [LoginName] = @LoginName)
declare @LastName varchar(50)
set @LastName  = (select [LastName] from [ga].[LoginsForUsers] where [LoginName] = @LoginName)
declare @SchemaName sysname 
set @SchemaName = @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/SchemaName)[1]', 'sysname');
--declare @Description xml 
--set @Description = @data.query('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand/text())')




print 'VERSION IS ' + @Version
print @newDataTxt
print cast(@data as varchar(max))


-- select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name ='DbObjChangeLog'
insert into [ga].[DbObjChangeLog]
(
[DatabaseName] ,
[SchemaName],
[DbVersion] ,
[DbType],
[EventType],
[ObjectName],
[ObjectType] ,
[Version],
[Description],
[ChangeDescription],
[SqlCommand] ,
[LoginName] ,
[FirstName],
[LastName] 
)

values(

@DbName,
@SchemaName,
@DbVersion,
@DbType,
@EventType, 
@ObjectName, 
@ObjectType , 
@Version,
@Description,
@ChangeDescription,
@newDataTxt, 
@LoginName , 
@FirstName , 
@LastName
)


GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO

DISABLE TRIGGER [TraceDbChanges] ON DATABASE
GO

ENABLE TRIGGER [TraceDbChanges] ON DATABASE
GO

Answer 3

这是真的吗？

是的，表上的触发器可以捕获更改。如果您需要此类信息，您还可以设置服务器端跟踪以将登录事件记录到表中。更具体一些更多的答案。