如何使用 sp_ExecuteSql 对名称在变量中的数据库运行带参数的查询

Question

我在 Windows Server 2016 中使用 Microsoft SQL Server 2016。

我有一个带有 1 个参数的查询，字符串类型。

select PH.project_name, PD.employee_id, E.first_name, E.last_name 
from project_header PH 
inner join project_detail PD on PD.project_id = PH.project_id
inner join employee E on E.employee_id = PD.employee_id
where PH.project_name = @ProjectName
order by 1, 2;

@ProjectName 是 varchar(50) 类型。

我必须编写一个接收 2 个参数的 proc：数据库名称和项目名称：

@a_database_name varchar(100),
@a_project_name varchar(50)

我想运行上述查询，将@a_project_name 作为参数传递给查询。我想使用sp_executeSQL 对@a_database_name 变量中提供的数据库运行查询。我该怎么做？

我知道如何在没有sp_executeSQL 的情况下执行此任务。我想知道如何使用sp_executeSQL？

Answer 1

您可以使用以下 SQL 来创建该过程：

create procedure ProcName  @a_database_name varchar(100),@a_project_name varchar(50)
as
begin

EXEC('USE ' + @a_database_name + ';select PH.project_name, PD.employee_id, E.first_name, E.last_name 
from project_header PH 
inner join project_detail PD on PD.project_id = PH.project_id
inner join employee E on E.employee_id = PD.employee_id
where PH.project_name= '+@a_project_name+'  order by 1, 2;')
end

但它有 SQL 注入风险 - 如果提供 @a_database_name，则其中包含 ";DROP DATABASE"。但是，如果您信任调用此过程的系统，那么您就可以开始了。

或者你可以使用下面没有“使用数据库名称”的查询：

create procedure ProcName  @a_database_name varchar(100),@a_project_name varchar(50)
as
begin

EXEC('select PH.project_name, PD.employee_id, E.first_name, E.last_name 
from '+@a_database_name+'.dbo.project_header PH 
inner join project_detail PD on PD.project_id = PH.project_id
inner join employee E on E.employee_id = PD.employee_id
where PH.project_name= '+@a_project_name+'  order by 1, 2;')
end

使用 sp_executesql 查询：

create procedure ProcName  @a_database_name varchar(100),@a_project_name varchar(50)
as
begin
DECLARE  @SqlStatment AS NVARCHAR(1000)
SET @SqlStatment = 'select PH.project_name, PD.employee_id, E.first_name, E.last_name 
from '+@a_database_name+'.dbo.project_header PH 
inner join project_detail PD on PD.project_id = PH.project_id
inner join employee E on E.employee_id = PD.employee_id
where PH.project_name= @a_project_name  order by 1, 2;'

EXECUTE sp_executesql @SqlStatment ,N'@a_project_name varchar',@a_project_name


end

修改后的答案：

create procedure ProcName  @a_database_name varchar(100),@a_project_name varchar(50)
as
begin

declare @sp_executesql as nvarchar(1000)

SELECT @sp_executesql = quotename(@a_database_name) + '.sys.sp_executesql'
EXEC @sp_executesql N'select PH.project_name, PD.employee_id, E.first_name, E.last_name 
from project_header PH inner join project_detail PD on PD.project_id = PH.project_id
inner join employee E on E.employee_id = PD.employee_id
where PH.project_name= @a_project_name  order by 1, 2;',N'@a_project_name nvarchar(100)', @a_project_name;

end