Visual Studio 中的 SQL Server 数据库项目 - 如何为新数据库构建结构

Question

我想创建一个 SQL Server 数据库项目，其中创建了一个新数据库。这是我的项目的结构：

SQL Server Database Project Structure

基本上，我想要 4 个表，所以我为它们添加了 4 个.sql 脚本。

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MovieActors]
(
    [Id] INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    [ActorID] INT NOT NULL,
    [MovieID] INT NOT NULL
)

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Actors]
(
    [Id] INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 
    [Name] NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, 
    [Bio] NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL, 
    [Sex] NCHAR(10) NOT NULL, 
    [DOB] DATE NULL
)

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Movies]
(
    [Id] INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 
    [Name] NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, 
    [Year of Release] SMALLINT NULL, 
    [PLOT] NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL, 
    [Poster] NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL,
    [ProducerId] int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES Producers(Id)
)

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Producers]
(
    [Id] INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 
    [Name] NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, 
    [Bio] NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL, 
    [Sex] NCHAR(10) NULL, 
    [DOB] DATE NULL
)

我还添加了部署前（用于删除现有数据）和部署后脚本（用于播种初始数据）。

预部署：

DROP TABLE [dbo].MovieActors
DROP TABLE [dbo].Movies
DROP TABLE dbo.Actors
DROP TABLE dbo.Producers

部署后：

INSERT INTO dbo.Actors (Id, Name, Sex)
VALUES (1, 'Actor1', 'MALE')

INSERT INTO dbo.Producers (Id, Name, Sex)
VALUES (1, 'Producer1', 'MALE')

INSERT INTO dbo.Movies (Id, Name, ProducerId)
VALUES (1, 'Movie1', 1)

INSERT INTO dbo.MovieActors (Id, MovieID, ActorID)
VALUES (1, 1, 1)

1. 但是每次我构建项目时它都没有部署 - 只显示构建成功
2. 此外，数据库创建脚本在哪里。
3. 当我右键单击发布并选择生成脚本选项时，主脚本中只有部署前和部署后脚本。 -

Right Click Project -> Publish option

这是生成的脚本 -

/*
Deployment script for MoviesDatabase

This code was generated by a tool.
Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if
the code is regenerated.
*/

GO
SET ANSI_NULLS, ANSI_PADDING, ANSI_WARNINGS, ARITHABORT, CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL, QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON;

SET NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT OFF;


GO
:setvar DatabaseName "MoviesDatabase"
:setvar DefaultFilePrefix "MoviesDatabase"
:setvar DefaultDataPath "C:\Users\viiye\AppData\Local\Microsoft\VisualStudio\SSDT"
:setvar DefaultLogPath "C:\Users\viiye\AppData\Local\Microsoft\VisualStudio\SSDT"

GO
:on error exit
GO
/*
Detect SQLCMD mode and disable script execution if SQLCMD mode is not supported.
To re-enable the script after enabling SQLCMD mode, execute the following:
SET NOEXEC OFF; 
*/
:setvar __IsSqlCmdEnabled "True"
GO
IF N'$(__IsSqlCmdEnabled)' NOT LIKE N'True'
    BEGIN
        PRINT N'SQLCMD mode must be enabled to successfully execute this script.';
        SET NOEXEC ON;
    END


GO
USE [$(DatabaseName)];


GO
/*
 Pre-Deployment Script Template                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 This file contains SQL statements that will be executed before the build script.   
 Use SQLCMD syntax to include a file in the pre-deployment script.          
 Example:      :r .\myfile.sql                              
 Use SQLCMD syntax to reference a variable in the pre-deployment script.        
 Example:      :setvar TableName MyTable                            
               SELECT * FROM [$(TableName)]                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
Drop table [dbo].MovieActors
Drop table [dbo].Movies
Drop table dbo.Actors
Drop table dbo.Producers
GO

GO
/*
Post-Deployment Script Template                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 This file contains SQL statements that will be appended to the build script.       
 Use SQLCMD syntax to include a file in the post-deployment script.         
 Example:      :r .\myfile.sql                              
 Use SQLCMD syntax to reference a variable in the post-deployment script.       
 Example:      :setvar TableName MyTable                            
               SELECT * FROM [$(TableName)]                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
INSERT INTO dbo.Actors (Id,Name,Sex)
values (1,'Actor1','MALE')

INSERT INTO dbo.Producers (Id,Name,Sex)
values (1,'Producer1','MALE')

INSERT INTO dbo.Movies (Id,Name,ProducerId)
values (1,'Movie1',1)

Insert into dbo.MovieActors (Id,MovieID,ActorID)
values (1,1,1)

GO

GO
PRINT N'Update complete.';


GO

可以看出，这个用于发布的脚本中没有创建表脚本。为什么？这是解决我需要从头开始创建表的要求的正确方法吗？

Answer 1

这是项目发布的简化步骤：

1. 项目已构建，DACPAC 文件是此步骤的输出
2. DACPAC 与目标数据库进行比较并生成发布脚本
3. 针对目标数据库执行发布脚本

您的问题是，在执行第二步时，目标数据库中存在表，因此它们的创建未包含在发布脚本中。预部署脚本在第3步执行！

基本上您需要做的就是不要删除表。只需在脚本中截断它们并在帖子中填充。或者只是在 post 脚本中使用 MERGE 语句。您可以使用generate-sql-merge 过程来为所需的表生成 MERGE 语句。