【问题标题】：How to backup Sql Database Programmatically in C#如何在 C# 中以编程方式备份 Sql 数据库
【发布时间】：2012-03-23 07:34:47
【问题描述】：

我想在 .Net 4 FrameWork 中使用 C# 编写代码来备份我的 Sql Server 2008 数据库。任何人都可以在这方面提供帮助。

【问题讨论】：

标签： .net database sql-server-2008 c#-4.0 backup

【解决方案1】：

您可以使用 SqlConnection 和 SqlCommand 连接到数据库并执行以下命令文本，例如：

BACKUP DATABASE [MyDatabase] TO  DISK = 'C:\....\MyDatabase.bak'

有关示例，请参阅 here。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

最好使用这样的配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="MyConnString" connectionString="Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=MyDB; Integrated Security=SSPI" ;Timeout=30"/>
  </connectionStrings>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="BackupFolder" value="C:/temp/"/>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

您的 C# 代码将如下所示：

// read connectionstring from config file
var connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MyConnString"].ConnectionString; 

// read backup folder from config file ("C:/temp/")
var backupFolder = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["BackupFolder"];

var sqlConStrBuilder = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder(connectionString);

// set backupfilename (you will get something like: "C:/temp/MyDatabase-2013-12-07.bak")
var backupFileName = String.Format("{0}{1}-{2}.bak", 
    backupFolder, sqlConStrBuilder.InitialCatalog, 
    DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));

using (var connection = new SqlConnection(sqlConStrBuilder.ConnectionString))
{
    var query = String.Format("BACKUP DATABASE {0} TO DISK='{1}'", 
        sqlConStrBuilder.InitialCatalog, backupFileName);

    using (var command = new SqlCommand(query, connection))
    {
        connection.Open();
        command.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
}

【讨论】：

我这里可能是错的，但这是否意味着 C# 程序必须与数据库在同一台服务器上运行？
@Eric Wu - 配置文件中的连接字符串可以指向任何 SQL 服务器，不必在同一台机器上。
是的。我认为它是在应用程序级别以某种方式操作文件。似乎 backupfolder 指的是数据库服务器中的路径。
如何在此处关闭备份文件。如果我在压缩后尝试删除 .bak 文件，它会显示“文件正在被另一个进程使用”...
@EricWu - bak 文件将在 sql-server 上生成，而不是代码运行的地方，如果这就是你的意思......

【解决方案3】：

为我工作：

public class BackupService
{
    private readonly string _connectionString;
    private readonly string _backupFolderFullPath;
    private readonly string[] _systemDatabaseNames = { "master", "tempdb", "model", "msdb" };

    public BackupService(string connectionString, string backupFolderFullPath)
    {
        _connectionString = connectionString;
        _backupFolderFullPath = backupFolderFullPath;
    }

    public void BackupAllUserDatabases()
    {
        foreach (string databaseName in GetAllUserDatabases())
        {
            BackupDatabase(databaseName);
        }
    }

    public void BackupDatabase(string databaseName)
    {
        string filePath = BuildBackupPathWithFilename(databaseName);

        using (var connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
        {
            var query = String.Format("BACKUP DATABASE [{0}] TO DISK='{1}'", databaseName, filePath);

            using (var command = new SqlCommand(query, connection))
            {
                connection.Open();
                command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
        }
    }

    private IEnumerable<string> GetAllUserDatabases()
    {
        var databases = new List<String>();

        DataTable databasesTable;

        using (var connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            databasesTable = connection.GetSchema("Databases");

            connection.Close();
        }

        foreach (DataRow row in databasesTable.Rows)
        {
            string databaseName = row["database_name"].ToString();

            if (_systemDatabaseNames.Contains(databaseName))
                continue;

            databases.Add(databaseName);
        }

        return databases;
    }

    private string BuildBackupPathWithFilename(string databaseName)
    {
        string filename = string.Format("{0}-{1}.bak", databaseName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));

        return Path.Combine(_backupFolderFullPath, filename);
    }
}

【讨论】：

三年过去了，但它仍然非常完美。非常感谢。
嗨，朋友，如果我只想备份一个表，它可以工作吗？

【解决方案4】：

下面Link已经详细解释了如何使用c#备份sql server 2008数据库

Sql 数据库备份可以通过多种方式完成。您可以像其他答案一样使用 Sql 命令，也可以创建自己的类来备份数据。

但这些是不同的备份模式。

完整的数据库备份
差异数据库备份
事务日志备份
压缩备份

但是这种方法的缺点是需要在你的客户端系统上安装你的sql management studio。

【讨论】：

SMO 表示 SQL 管理对象安装在本地执行 .NET 备份程序的机器上，纯 SQL 解决方案没有。
在某些时候，我需要使用 SMO，我只是放弃了，所有 sql 文件夹中的 DLL 文件都没有（您可能会在不同的文件夹中找到相同 DLL 的不同版本）可以匹配，即使是 NuGet 版本也不提供匹配版本的 DLL 文件

【解决方案5】：

            SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection();
            SqlCommand sqlcmd = new SqlCommand();
            SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter();
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();

            con.ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MyConString"].ConnectionString;
            string backupDIR = "~/BackupDB";
            string path = Server.MapPath(backupDIR);

            try
            {
                var databaseName = "MyFirstDatabase";
                con.Open();
                string saveFileName = "HiteshBackup";
                sqlcmd = new SqlCommand("backup database" +databaseName.BKSDatabaseName + "to disk='" + path + "\\" + saveFileName + ".Bak'", con);
                sqlcmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                con.Close();                 


                ViewBag.Success = "Backup database successfully";
                return View("Create");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                ViewBag.Error = "Error Occured During DB backup process !<br>" + ex.ToString();
                return View("Create");
            }

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

我有没有 SMO 问题的新方法

1.使用备份 sqlcmd 命令创建 .bat 文件

用于备份

SqlCmd -E -S Server_Name –Q “BACKUP DATABASE [Name_of_Database] TO DISK=’X:PathToBackupLocation[Name_of_Database].bak'”

恢复

SqlCmd -E -S Server_Name –Q “RESTORE DATABASE [Name_of_Database] FROM DISK=’X:PathToBackupFile[File_Name].bak'”

2。使用 WPF/C# 代码运行 bat 文件

        FileInfo file = new FileInfo("DB\\batfile.bat");
        Process process = new Process();
        process.StartInfo.FileName = file.FullName;
        process.StartInfo.Arguments = @"-X";
        process.StartInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Normal;
        process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; //Changed Line
        process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;  //Changed Line
        process.Start();
        string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); //Changed Line
        process.WaitForExit(); //Moved Line

【讨论】：

谢谢...但是如果服务器包含用户名和密码怎么办？
我也在搜索那个答案

【解决方案7】：

这对我有用...

private void BackupButtonClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    // FILE NAME WITH DATE DISTICNTION
    string fileName = string.Format("SchoolBackup_{0}.bak", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy_MM_dd_h_mm_tt"));
    try
    {
        // YOUR SEREVER OR MACHINE NAME
        Server dbServer = new Server (new ServerConnection("DESKTOP"));
        Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup dbBackup = new Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup()
        {
            Action = BackupActionType.Database, 
            Database = "School"
        };

        dbBackup.Devices.AddDevice(@backupDirectory() +"\\"+ fileName, DeviceType.File);
        dbBackup.Initialize = true;
        dbBackup.SqlBackupAsync(dbServer);


        MessageBox.Show("Backup", "Backup Completed!");
    }
    catch(Exception err)
    {
        System.Windows.MessageBox.Show(err.ToString());
    }
}


// THE DIRECTOTRY YOU WANT TO SAVE IN
public string backupDirectory()
{
    using (var dialog = new FolderBrowserDialog())
    {
        var result = dialog.ShowDialog();
        return dialog.SelectedPath;
    }
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案8】：

您可以使用以下查询来备份和还原，您必须更改备份路径

数据库名称=[数据]

备份：

BACKUP DATABASE [data] TO  DISK = N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Backup\data.bak' WITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT,  NAME = N'data-Full Database Backup', SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 10
GO

恢复：

RESTORE DATABASE [data] FROM  DISK = N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Backup\data.bak' WITH  FILE = 1,  NOUNLOAD,  REPLACE,  STATS = 10
GO

【讨论】：

这个答案和火了四年的this answer有什么不同？

【解决方案9】：

 private void BackupManager_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            txtFileName.Text = "DB_Backup_" + DateTime.Now.ToString("dd-MMM-yy");
        }

        private void btnDBBackup_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtFileName.Text.Trim()))
            {
                BackUp();
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Please Enter Backup File Name", "", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                txtFileName.Focus();
                return;
            }
        }

        private void BackUp()
        {
            try
            {

                progressBar1.Value = 0;

                for (progressBar1.Value = 0; progressBar1.Value < 100; progressBar1.Value++)
                {

                }

                pl.DbName = "Inventry";
                pl.Path = @"D:/" + txtFileName.Text.Trim() + ".bak";

                for (progressBar1.Value = 100; progressBar1.Value < 200; progressBar1.Value++)
                {

                }

                bl.DbBackUp(pl);
                for (progressBar1.Value = 200; progressBar1.Value < 300; progressBar1.Value++)
                {

                }

                for (progressBar1.Value = 300; progressBar1.Value < 400; progressBar1.Value++)
                {

                }

                for (progressBar1.Value = 400; progressBar1.Value < progressBar1.Maximum; progressBar1.Value++)
                {

                }
                if (progressBar1.Value == progressBar1.Maximum)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Backup Saved Successfully...!!!", "", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Action Failed, Please try again later", "", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                }
            }

            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Action Failed, Please try again later", "", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
            }
            finally
            {
                progressBar1.Value = 0;
            }
        }

【讨论】：

【解决方案10】：

您可以使用 C# 对 SQL Server 实例进行数据库备份，如下所示

第 1 步：安装 Nuget 包“Install-Package Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlManagementObjects”

第 2 步：使用以下 C# 命令使用自定义功能进行备份

public void BackupDatabase(string databaseName, string userName, string password, string serverName, string destinationPath)

 {  
//Define a Backup object variable.
Backup sqlBackup = new Backup();
//Specify the type of backup, the description, the name, and the database to be backed up.
sqlBackup.Action = BackupActionType.Database;

sqlBackup.BackupSetDescription = "BackUp of:" + databaseName + "on" + DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();

sqlBackup.BackupSetName = "FullBackUp";

sqlBackup.Database = databaseName;
//Declare a BackupDeviceItem
BackupDeviceItem deviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem(destinationPath + "FullBackUp.bak", DeviceType.File);

//Define Server connection
ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection(serverName, userName, password); //To Avoid TimeOut Exception
Server sqlServer = new Server(connection);
sqlServer.ConnectionContext.StatementTimeout = 60 * 60;
Database db = sqlServer.Databases[databaseName];
(Reference Database As microsoft.sqlserver.management.smo.database, not as System.entity.database)

sqlBackup.Initialize = true;

sqlBackup.Checksum = true;

sqlBackup.ContinueAfterError = true;
//Add the device to the Backup object.
sqlBackup.Devices.Add(deviceItem);

//Set the Incremental property to False to specify that this is a full database backup. 
sqlBackup.Incremental = false;
sqlBackup.ExpirationDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(3);

//Specify that the log must be truncated after the backup is complete.        
sqlBackup.LogTruncation = BackupTruncateLogType.Truncate;
sqlBackup.FormatMedia = false;

//Run SqlBackup to perform the full database backup on the instance of SQL Server. 
sqlBackup.SqlBackup(sqlServer);

//Remove the backup device from the Backup object.           
 sqlBackup.Devices.Remove(deviceItem);

}

添加引用

Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo
Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc
Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo
Microsoft.SqlServer.SmoExtended
Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum

就是这样，大功告成，它将在指定位置备份指定数据库并传递给函数。

来源：Various ways to back up SQL server database

注意：用户必须有适当的权限才能将备份数据写入指定的磁盘位置。

【讨论】：