C# 反序列化 xml 文件以形成 List<T>

Question

我有以下课程，我正在尝试对 XML 文件进行序列化和反序列化：

public class cUrlData
{
    public string ProgramName {get;set;}
    public string ExeName { get; set; }
    public string Category { get; set; }
    public string URL { get; set; }

    public cUrlData()
    {
    }

    public void Add(string ProgramName, string ExeName, string Category, string ProgramURL)
    {
        this.ProgramName = ProgramName;
        this.ExeName = ExeName;
        this.URL = ProgramURL;
        this.Category = Category;
    }

}

我一直在使用以下代码进行测试：

public List<cUrlData> SoftwareData = new List<cUrlData>();
cUrlData urlData;
cXml xml;

public frmUpdater()
{
    InitializeComponent();

    xml = new cXml("data.xml", ref SoftwareData);
    xml.Load();  // NOT WORKING - SO I GENERATE MY OWN DATA BELOW

    // Set up some test data to work with
    urlData = new cUrlData();
    urlData.Add("Program1",
                            "Program1.exe",
                            "myDownloads",
                            "http://www.source.com/program1.exe");

    SoftwareData.Add(urlData);

    urlData = new cUrlData();
    urlData.Add("Program2",
                            "Program2.exe",
                            "myDownloads",
                            "http://www.source.com/program2.exe");

    SoftwareData.Add(urlData);

    urlData = new cUrlData();
    urlData.Add("Program3",
                            "Program3.exe",
                            "myDownloads",
                            "http://www.source.com/program3.exe");
    SoftwareData.Add(urlData);

}

我遇到的问题是找到一种可靠的方法将列表与 XML 文件相互转换。我目前遍历类列表并逐个节点手动创建 xml 文件，并在将其从 xml 文件读取到类时执行相同操作，但这很容易出错。我已尝试获取以下代码来读取文件，但无济于事，我将不胜感激，因为我确信这是一个编码问题！

public void Load() {
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<cUrlData>));

    using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("data.xml"))
    {
        cUrlData myXmlClass = (cUrlData)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
    }
}

加载后，我想尝试让它写回 xml 文件。同样，与上面的代码类似。

谢谢

Answer 1

这里应该是让您开始保存和加载的通用解决方案

private void SaveData(List<cUrlData> SoftwareData)
{
    try
    {
        using (TextWriter reader = new StreamWriter("data.xml"))
        {
            (new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<cUrlData>))).Serialize(reader, SoftwareData);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
    }
}
private List<cUrlData> LoadData()
{
    List<cUrlData> mysXmlClass = null;

    try
    {
        using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader("data.xml"))
        {
            object myXmlClass = (object)(new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<cUrlData>))).Deserialize(reader);
            mysXmlClass = (List<cUrlData>)myXmlClass;
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
    }

    return mysXmlClass;
}

确实需要调整一下。我使用熟悉的 TextReaders 和 StreamReaders。

Answer 2

MrNYE 的想法是正确的。这是我们使用编码选项进行序列化和反序列化的完整类。

享受吧！

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;

namespace xml.serialization
{
/// <summary>
/// Class to serialize generic objects.
/// </summary>
public static class ObjectSerializer
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Decode from xml string with default UTF8 encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="xml"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T FromString<T>(string xml)
    {
        Encoding e = Encoding.UTF8;
        return FromString<T>(xml, e);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Decode from xml string with UTF16 unicode
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="xml"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T FromStringUTF16<T>(string xml)
    {
        Encoding e = Encoding.Unicode;
        return FromString<T>(xml, e);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Decode from xml string with privided encoding type
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="xml"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T FromString<T>(string xml, Encoding e)
    {
        Object ret = null;
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

        using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(e.GetBytes(xml)))
        {
            XmlTextWriter xtWriter = new XmlTextWriter(stream, e);
            ret = s.Deserialize(stream);
            //xtWriter.Close();
        }

        return (T)ret;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Serialize to xml with default UTF8 encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="obj"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ToString<T>(T obj)
    {
        Encoding e = Encoding.UTF8;
        return ToString(obj, e);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Serialize to xml with UTF16 encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="obj"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ToStringUTF16<T>(T obj)
    {
        Encoding e = Encoding.Unicode;
        return ToString(obj, e);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Serialize to xml with specified encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="obj"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ToString<T>(T obj, Encoding e)
    {
        string ret = String.Empty;
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

        using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            XmlTextWriter xtWriter = new XmlTextWriter(stream, e);
            s.Serialize(xtWriter, obj);
            xtWriter.Close();
            ret = e.GetString(stream.ToArray());
        }

        return ret;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Serialize to xml to to a file with default UTF8 encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="obj"></param>
    /// <param name="filePath"></param>
    public static void ToXmlFile<T>(T obj, string filePath)
    {
        Encoding e = Encoding.UTF8;
        ToXmlFile<T>(obj, filePath, e);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Serialize to xml to to a file with specific encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="obj"></param>
    /// <param name="filePath"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    public static void ToXmlFile<T>(T obj, string filePath, Encoding e)
    {
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

        using (TextWriter w = new StreamWriter(filePath, false, e))
        {
            s.Serialize(w, obj);
            w.Flush();
            w.Close();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Deserialize from a file of xml useing default UTF8 encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="filePath"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T FromXmlFile<T>(string filePath)
    {

        Encoding e = Encoding.UTF8;
        return FromXmlFile<T>(filePath, e);

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Deserialize from a file of xml useing specific encoding
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="filePath"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T FromXmlFile<T>(string filePath, Encoding e)
    {
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
        Object ret = null;

        using (TextReader r = new StreamReader(filePath, e))
        {
            ret = s.Deserialize(r);
            r.Close();
        }

        return (T)ret;
    }

  }

}

Answer 3

以下是我使用的几个函数，希望对您有所帮助：

public static T FromXML<T>(string xml)
{
  using (StringReader stringReader = new StringReader(xml))
  {
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
    return (T)serializer.Deserialize(stringReader);
  }
}

public string ToXML<T>(T obj)
{
  using (StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter(new StringBuilder()))
  {
    XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
    xmlSerializer.Serialize(stringWriter, obj);
    return stringWriter.ToString();
  }
}