如何从 VBA 显示 Windows 10 通知 toast

Question

我想知道从 VBA 在 Windows 10 中显示通知 toast 的最简单方法。

我没有找到一个好的答案。我找到了一种从 PowerShell here 创建通知的非常简单的方法。但是我无法从 VBA 中使用它，因为我没有找到一种方法来使用 WScript.Shell 在一行中执行它。

我尝试了几种方法来实现这一点，但我没有成功。您可以在下面找到我的最后一次尝试：

Public Sub Notify_Test()

Dim WsShell     As Object: Set WsShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Dim strCommand  As String

strCommand = """powershell.exe"" ^ "
strCommand = strCommand & "[reflection.assembly]::loadwithpartialname(""System.Windows.Forms"")"
strCommand = strCommand & "; [reflection.assembly]::loadwithpartialname(""System.Drawing"")"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify = new-object system.windows.forms.notifyicon"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify.icon = [System.Drawing.SystemIcons]::Information"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify.visible = $true"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify.showballoontip(10,""New Chat!"",""You have received New Chat!"",[system.windows.forms.tooltipicon]::None)"

WsShell.Run strCommand

End Sub

我想避免编写 .ps1 文件。有人可以帮我解答这个问题吗？

提前谢谢你！

更新：

感谢@Remko，我能够显示通知。

我做了一个函数让它使用起来更简单：

Public Function Notify(ByVal title As String, ByVal msg As String, _
                    Optional ByVal notification_icon As String = "Info", _
                    Optional ByVal app As String = "excel", _
                    Optional ByVal duration As Integer = 10)
                    
'Parameters:
'    title (str):Notification title
'    msg (str):Notification message
'    notification_icon (str):Notification icon. Available options are: Info, Error and Warning
'    app (str):Process name of app you want to be display in the system tray icon
'    duration (int):Duration of notification in seconds

Const PSpath    As String = "powershell.exe"

Dim WsShell     As Object: Set WsShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Dim strCommand  As String

If notification_icon <> "Info" And notification_icon <> "Error" And notification_icon <> "Warning" Then
    notification_icon = "Info"
End If

strCommand = """" & PSpath & """ -Command " & Chr(34) & "& { "
strCommand = strCommand & "Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.Windows.Forms'"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.NotifyIcon"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $path = (Get-Process -id (get-process " & app & ").id).Path"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification.Icon = [System.Drawing.Icon]::ExtractAssociatedIcon($path)"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification.BalloonTipIcon  = [System.Windows.Forms.ToolTipIcon]::" & notification_icon & ""
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification.BalloonTipText = '" & msg & "'"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification.BalloonTipTitle = '" & title & "'"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification.Visible = $true"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notification.ShowBalloonTip(" & duration & ")"
strCommand = strCommand & " }" & Chr(34)

WsShell.Run strCommand, 0, False

End Function

Public Sub Notify_Examples()

Notify "Insert Title Here", "Insert Your Message Here"
Notify "Insert Title Here", "Insert Your Message Here", "Warning"
Notify "Insert Title Here", "Insert Your Message Here", "Error", "outlook"

End Sub

我想进行额外的观察。离开 PSpath = "powershell.exe" 时没有任何反应。我想这是因为我的用户不是管理员。我可以通过将 powershell.exe 复制到我的文档并将 PSpath 更改为“C:\Users\my_user\Documents\powershell.exe”来绕过这个问题。也许你也是这种情况......

Answer 1

如果您坚持使用 PowerShell 执行此操作，则以下代码有效：

Public Sub Notify_Test()

Dim WsShell     As Object: Set WsShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Dim strCommand  As String

strCommand = "powershell.exe -Command " & Chr(34) & "& { "
strCommand = strCommand & "[reflection.assembly]::loadwithpartialname('System.Windows.Forms')"
strCommand = strCommand & "; [reflection.assembly]::loadwithpartialname('System.Drawing')"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify = new-object system.windows.forms.notifyicon"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify.icon = [System.Drawing.SystemIcons]::Information"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify.visible = $true"
strCommand = strCommand & "; $notify.showballoontip(10,'New Chat!','You have received New Chat!',[system.windows.forms.tooltipicon]::None)"
strCommand = strCommand & " }" & Chr(34)
WsShell.Run strCommand

End Sub

它当然会短暂地闪烁一个控制台（powershell）窗口

Answer 2

我发现最简单的方法是使用软件中心通知可执行文件。

Function Toasty()
    Shell "c:\windows\ccm\sctoastnotification.exe TITLE BODY"
End Function

您可以从那里将 TITLE 和 BODY 更改为变量。

唯一的缺点是它显示为软件中心通知。