Angular 单元测试表单验证

Question

我正在学习 Angular 8，并且正在使用 Karma 进行单元测试。我创建了一个可以正常工作的基本注册表单，但我在测试中遇到了问题。

在测试时我遇到了 2 次失败

RegisterComponent > 表单应该是有效的 错误：预期验证器返回 Promise 或 Observable。

和

RegisterComponent > 应该调用 onSubmit 方法 错误: : 预期是间谍，但得到了 FormGroup({ 验证器：函数，asyncValidator：null，_onCollectionChange：函数，原始：真，触摸：假，_onDisabledChange：[]，控件：对象（{名称：FormControl（{验证器：函数，asyncValidator：null，_onCollectionChange：函数，原始：true，touched：false，_onDisabledChange：[函数]，_onChange：[函数]，_pendingValue：''，值：''，状态：'INVALID'，错误：对象（{ required: true }), valueChanges: EventEmitter({ _isScalar: false, 观察者: [ ], closed: false, isStopped: false, hasError: false, throwedError: null, __isAsync: false }), statusChanges: EventEmitter({ _isScalar: false , 观察者: [ ], 关闭: false, isStopped: false, hasError: false, throwError: null, __isAsync: false }), _parent: }), 电子邮件: FormControl({ validator: Function, asyncValidator: Function, _onCollectionChange: Function,原始：真，触摸：假，_onDisabledChange：[功能]，_onChange：[功能]，_pendingValue：''，值e：'' .... 用法：expect().toHaveBeenCalledTimes()

register.component.ts

import { ActivatedRoute, Router } from '@angular/router';
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { FormBuilder, FormGroup, Validators } from '@angular/forms';

import { AuthenticationService } from '@/_services';
import { MustMatch } from '@/_helpers/validators';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-register',
  templateUrl: './register.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./register.component.scss']
})
@Component({ templateUrl: 'register.component.html' })
export class RegisterComponent implements OnInit {
  registerForm: FormGroup;
  submitted = false;
  returnUrl: string;
  error = '';

  constructor(
    private formBuilder: FormBuilder,
    private route: ActivatedRoute,
    private router: Router,
    private authenticationService: AuthenticationService
  ) {
    if (this.authenticationService.currentUserValue) {
      this.router.navigate(['/']);
    }
  }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.registerForm = this.formBuilder.group({
      name: ['', Validators.required],
      email: ['', Validators.required, Validators.email],
      phone: ['', Validators.required],
      password: ['', Validators.required, Validators.minLength(6)],
      confirmPassword: ['', Validators.required],
    }, {
        validator: MustMatch('password', 'confirmPassword')
      });

    this.returnUrl = this.route.snapshot.queryParams.returnUrl || '/';
  }

  get f() {
    return this.registerForm.controls;
  }

  onSubmit() {
    this.submitted = true;
    if (this.registerForm.invalid) {
      return;
    }

    this.submitted = false;
  }
}

register.component.spec.ts

import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { ReactiveFormsModule, FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { RegisterComponent } from './register.component';
import { ActivatedRoute, Router } from '@angular/router';
import { HttpClientTestingModule } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
import { DebugElement } from '@angular/core';

describe('RegisterComponent', () => {
  let component: RegisterComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture<RegisterComponent>;
  let de: DebugElement;
  let el: HTMLElement;
  const fakeActivatedRoute = {
    snapshot: {
      queryParams: {
        returnUrl: '/'
      }
    }
  };
  const routerSpy = jasmine.createSpyObj('Router', ['navigate']);

  beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      imports: [ReactiveFormsModule, FormsModule, HttpClientTestingModule],
      declarations: [RegisterComponent],
      providers: [
        { provide: Router, useValue: routerSpy },
        { provide: ActivatedRoute, useFactory: () => fakeActivatedRoute }
      ]

    }).compileComponents().then(() => {
      fixture = TestBed.createComponent(RegisterComponent);
      component = fixture.componentInstance;
      component.ngOnInit();
      fixture.detectChanges();
      de = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('form'));
      el = de.nativeElement;
    });
  }));

  beforeEach(() => {
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(RegisterComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    component.ngOnInit();
    fixture.detectChanges();
  });

  it('form invalid when empty', () => {
    component.registerForm.controls.name.setValue('');
    component.registerForm.controls.email.setValue('');
    component.registerForm.controls.phone.setValue('');
    component.registerForm.controls.password.setValue('');
    component.registerForm.controls.confirmPassword.setValue('');
    expect(component.registerForm.valid).toBeFalsy();
  });

  it('username field validity', () => {
    const name = component.registerForm.controls.name;
    expect(name.valid).toBeFalsy();

    name.setValue('');
    expect(name.hasError('required')).toBeTruthy();

  });

  it('email field validity', () => {
    const email = component.registerForm.controls.email;
    expect(email.valid).toBeFalsy();

    email.setValue('');
    expect(email.hasError('required')).toBeTruthy();
  });

  it('phone field validity', () => {
    const phone = component.registerForm.controls.phone;
    expect(phone.valid).toBeFalsy();

    phone.setValue('');
    expect(phone.hasError('required')).toBeTruthy();

  });

  it('password field validity', () => {
    const password = component.registerForm.controls.password;
    expect(password.valid).toBeFalsy();

    password.setValue('');
    expect(password.hasError('required')).toBeTruthy();

  });

  it('confirmPassword field validity', () => {
    const confirmPassword = component.registerForm.controls.confirmPassword;
    expect(confirmPassword.valid).toBeFalsy();

    confirmPassword.setValue('');
    expect(confirmPassword.hasError('required')).toBeTruthy();

  });

  it('should set submitted to true', () => {
    component.onSubmit();
    expect(component.submitted).toBeTruthy();
  });

  it('should call onSubmit method', () => {
    spyOn(component, 'onSubmit');
    el = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('button')).nativeElement;
    el.click();
    expect(component.registerForm).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
  });

  it('form should be valid', () => {
    component.registerForm.controls.name.setValue('sasd');
    component.registerForm.controls.email.setValue('sadasd@asd.com');
    component.registerForm.controls.phone.setValue('132456789');
    component.registerForm.controls.password.setValue('qwerty');
    component.registerForm.controls.confirmPassword.setValue('qwerty');
    expect(component.registerForm.valid).toBeTruthy();
  });
});

我似乎无法理解导致此问题的原因。已经为此阅读了几个文档和教程，但它似乎不起作用。

Answer 1

Error: Expected validator to return Promise or Observable.

这意味着您错误地添加了多个验证器。 而不是这个：

this.registerForm = this.formBuilder.group({
          name: ['', Validators.required],
          email: ['', Validators.required, Validators.email],
          phone: ['', Validators.required],
          password: ['', Validators.required, Validators.minLength(6)],
          confirmPassword: ['', Validators.required],
        }

试试这个：

this.registerForm = this.formBuilder.group({
          name: ['', Validators.required],
          email: ['', [Validators.required, Validators.email]],
          phone: ['', Validators.required],
          password: ['', [Validators.required, Validators.minLength(6)]],
          confirmPassword: ['', Validators.required],
        }

注意如何在一个数组中提供多个验证器，而不仅仅是逗号分隔。

对于你的第二个错误，你想调用

expect(component.onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);

代替

expect(component.registerForm).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);

Answer 2

expect(component.onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)

在下面的代码中替换上面的行，因为你想检查 onSubmit 方法而不是 component.registerForm

it('should call onSubmit method', () => {
        spyOn(component, 'onSubmit');
        el = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('button')).nativeElement;
        el.click();
        expect(component.registerForm).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
    });