如何在运行时使用资源字典更改 UI 语言？

Question

我想通过 button_click 事件更改我的项目语言，所以我使用 ResourceDictionary 这样做：

XAML

    <Button Content="{DynamicResource LanguageSetting}" Click="btn_LanguageSetting_Click"/>

代码背后

    public static string windowCurrentLanguageFile = "Language/en.xaml";
    private void btn_LanguageSetting_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        windowCurrentLanguageFile = windowCurrentLanguageFile == "Language/en.xaml"
            ? "Language/fr.xaml"
            : "Language/en.xaml";

        var rd = new ResourceDictionary() { Source = new Uri(windowCurrentLanguageFile, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute) };

        if (this.Resources.MergedDictionaries.Count == 0)
            this.Resources.MergedDictionaries.Add(rd);
        else
            this.Resources.MergedDictionaries[0] = rd;
    }

这适用于 xaml 文件，但我还想在后面的代码中更改视图模型的语言。

我在 xaml 中的 ItemsControl：

<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding ItemOperate}">
        <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
            <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type viewmodel:SelectableViewModel}">
                <Border x:Name="Border" Padding="0,8,0,8" BorderThickness="0 0 0 1" BorderBrush="{DynamicResource MaterialDesignDivider}">
                    <Grid>
                        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                            <ColumnDefinition SharedSizeGroup="Checkerz" />
                            <ColumnDefinition />
                        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                        <ToggleButton VerticalAlignment="Center" IsChecked="{Binding IsSelected}"
                                      Style="{StaticResource MaterialDesignActionLightToggleButton}"
                                      Content="{Binding Code}" />
                        <StackPanel Margin="8 0 0 0" Grid.Column="7">
                            <TextBlock FontWeight="Bold" Text="{Binding Name}" />
                            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Description}" />
                        </StackPanel>
                    </Grid>
                </Border>
                <DataTemplate.Triggers>
                    <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsSelected}" Value="True">
                        <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource MaterialDesignSelection}" />
                    </DataTrigger>
                </DataTemplate.Triggers>
            </DataTemplate>
        </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
    </ItemsControl>

像这样绑定到 ViewModel：

public class SelectableViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{ 
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName = null)
    {
        var handler = PropertyChanged;
        if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }

    private bool _isSelected;
    public bool IsSelected
    {
        get { return _isSelected; }
        set
        {
            if (_isSelected == value) return;
            _isSelected = value;
            OnPropertyChanged();
        }
    }

    private char _code;
    public char Code
    {
        get { return _code; }
        set
        {
            if (_code == value) return;
            _code = value;
            OnPropertyChanged();
        }
    }

    private string _name;
    public string Name
    {
        get { return _name; }
        set
        {
            if (_name == value) return;
            _name = value;
            OnPropertyChanged();
        }
    }

    private string _description;
    public string Description
    {
        get { return _description; }
        set
        {
            if (_description == value) return;
            _description = value;
            OnPropertyChanged();
        }
    }
}

还有

    public MainViewModel()
    {
        _itemOperate = CreateData();
    }

    private static ObservableCollection<SelectableViewModel> CreateData()
    {
        return new ObservableCollection<SelectableViewModel>
            {
                new SelectableViewModel
                {
                    Code = 'E', 
                    Name = "Erase",
                    Description = "Erase The MCU Chip By Page"
                },
                new SelectableViewModel
                {
                    Code = 'D',
                    Name = "Detect",
                    Description = "Detect The MCU Flash",
                },
                new SelectableViewModel
                {
                    Code = 'P',
                    Name = "Programming",
                    Description = "Programming The MCU Chip By Hex File",
                },
                new SelectableViewModel
                {
                    Code = 'V',
                    Name = "Verify",
                    Description = "Verify The Downing Code",
                },
                new SelectableViewModel
                {
                    Code ='L',
                    Name = "Lock",
                    Description = "Lock The Code To Protect The MCU",
                }
            };
    }

那么我想如何更改我的模型 SelectableViewModel Code、Name、Description 的语言而不是使用这个硬代码？谢谢！

Answer 1

我会建议你在运行时更改语言的解决方案。

1. 创建资源管理器：

   public class CultureResources
   {
       private static bool isAvailableCulture;
       private static readonly List<CultureInfo> SupportedCultures = new List<CultureInfo>();
       private static ObjectDataProvider provider;
   
       public CultureResources()
       {
           GetAvailableCultures();
       }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Gets automatically all supported cultures resource files.
           /// </summary>
           public void GetAvailableCultures()
           {
   
               if (!isAvailableCulture)
               {
                   var appStartupPath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
   
                   foreach (string dir in Directory.GetDirectories(appStartupPath))
                   {
                       try
                       {
                           DirectoryInfo dirinfo = new DirectoryInfo(dir);
                           var culture = CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo(dirinfo.Name);
                           SupportedCultures.Add(culture);
                       }
                       catch (ArgumentException)
                       {
                       }
                   }
                   isAvailableCulture = true;
               }
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Retrieves the current resources based on the current culture info
           /// </summary>
           /// <returns></returns>
           public Resources GetResourceInstance()
           {
               return new Resources();
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Gets the ObjectDataProvider wrapped with the current culture resource, to update all localized UIElements by calling ObjectDataProvider.Refresh()
           /// </summary>
           public static ObjectDataProvider ResourceProvider
           {
               get {
                   return provider ??
                          (provider = (ObjectDataProvider)System.Windows.Application.Current.FindResource("Resources"));
               }
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Changes the culture
           /// </summary>
           /// <param name="culture"></param>
           public  void ChangeCulture(CultureInfo culture)
           {
               if (SupportedCultures.Contains(culture))
               {
                   Resources.Culture = culture;
                   ResourceProvider.Refresh();
               }
               else
               {
                   var ci = new CultureInfo("en");
   
                   Resources.Culture = ci;
                   ResourceProvider.Refresh();
               }
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Sets english as default language
           /// </summary>
           public void SetDefaultCulture()
           {
               CultureInfo ci = new CultureInfo("en");
   
               Resources.Culture = ci;
               ResourceProvider.Refresh();
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Returns localized resource specified by the key
           /// </summary>
           /// <param name="key">The key in the resources</param>
           /// <returns></returns>
           public static string GetValue(string key)
           {
               if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException();
               return Resources.ResourceManager.GetString(key, Resources.Culture);
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Sets the new culture
           /// </summary>
           /// <param name="cultureInfo">  new CultureInfo("de-DE");  new CultureInfo("en-gb");</param>
           public void SetCulture(CultureInfo cultureInfo)
           {
   
               //get language short format - {de} {en} 
               var ci = new CultureInfo(cultureInfo.Name.Substring(0,2));
               ChangeCulture(ci);
               Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = cultureInfo;
               Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = cultureInfo;
              // CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("en-GB");
   
           }
       }
   

2. 根据需要为每种语言类型定义资源文件。 上面我定义了英语的默认值和德语的第二个文件（你可以看到“.de”扩展名。所以你可以为任何其他语言做。 确保打开 Resources.resx 属性并选择值 PublicResXFileCodeGenerator 作为自定义工具。为了通过对象提供者公开资源，此步骤是必要的。

3. 通过 App.xaml 中的对象提供程序注册资源提供程序：

4. 用法： 在 Xaml 中：

   Text="{Binding ResourcesText1, Source={StaticResource Resources}}"

来自 *.cs ：Resources.ResourcesText1。

附： 当您更改文化时，请务必从 CultureResouces 调用 SetCulture 方法。