Mockito 验证仅在 AVD 运行时通过答案

【问题标题】：Mockito verify only passes with AVD runningMockito 验证仅在 AVD 运行时通过
【发布时间】：2018-01-28 15:47:13
【问题描述】：

我想测试一个 MVP 模式。所以我有一个 Presenter 类，它会在单击某些按钮时调用 View 方法。现在我想验证一下，Presenter 是否真的调用了 Method，所以我编写了这些测试：

测试类：

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;

  @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
  public class MainPresenterTest {

    @Mock
    private MainContract.View view;

    private MainPresenter presenter;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        presenter = new MainPresenter(view);
    }

    @Test
    public void handleScanButtonClicked() {
        presenter.handleScanButtonClicked();
        verify(view).showScanScreen();
    }

    @Test
    public void handleBackButtonClicked() {
        presenter.handleBackButtonClicked();
        verify(view).showMainScreen();
    }
}

演讲者类：

public class MainPresenter implements MainContract.Presenter {

    private final MainContract.View view;

    public MainPresenter(MainContract.View view) {
        this.view = view;
    }

    @Override
    public void handleScanButtonClicked() {
        view.showScanScreen();
    }

    @Override
    public void handleBackButtonClicked() {
        view.showMainScreen();

    }
}

MainContract 接口

public interface MainContract {

    /** handles UI-interaction **/

    interface Presenter {

        void handleScanButtonClicked();

        void handleBackButtonClicked();

    }

    /** handles showing/hiding UI-elements and screens **/

    interface View {

        void showScanScreen();

        void showMainScreen();

        void showWebViewScreen();
    }
}

我在 build.gradle 中的测试依赖：

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
testCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-all:1.10.19'

测试错误信息：

Wanted but not invoked:
view.showMainScreen();
-> at com.whatsthat.androidapp.MainPresenterTest.handleBackButtonClicked(MainPresenterTest.java:36)
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.

Wanted but not invoked:
view.showMainScreen();
-> at com.whatsthat.androidapp.MainPresenterTest.handleBackButtonClicked(MainPresenterTest.java:36)
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.

    at com.whatsthat.androidapp.MainPresenterTest.handleBackButtonClicked(MainPresenterTest.java:36)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2.main(AppMainV2.java:131)



Wanted but not invoked:
view.showScanScreen();
-> at com.whatsthat.androidapp.MainPresenterTest.handleScanButtonClicked(MainPresenterTest.java:30)
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.

Wanted but not invoked:
view.showScanScreen();
-> at com.whatsthat.androidapp.MainPresenterTest.handleScanButtonClicked(MainPresenterTest.java:30)
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.

    at com.whatsthat.androidapp.MainPresenterTest.handleScanButtonClicked(MainPresenterTest.java:30)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2.main(AppMainV2.java:131)


Process finished with exit code -1

我的项目结构

当我现在在没有运行 AVD 的情况下运行测试时，它们将失败。我只想在我的本地机器上运行这些测试，并且不应该专门与 Android 交互，对吧？但要让测试通过，我需要启动一个 AVD，然后构建 + 部署 APK。

为什么会这样，我怎样才能在我的本地机器上正确运行这些测试？

提前致谢

【问题讨论】：

你好，你能发布你的错误信息吗？
如果View 是具体类或抽象（抽象类或接口）。听起来演示者与在测试期间锻炼时会产生连锁反应的凝结物紧密耦合。
@Nkosi MainContract.View 只是一个接口，而不是扩展另一个接口。 Presenter 中也没有与任何具体类的耦合。它只在构造函数中注入一个 MainContract.View 接口。
如果您尝试手动模拟视图会发生什么？也没有在 Test 类上看到任何注释
@Evoxx 很高兴为您提供帮助，并且您最终成功了。这是一个全新的问题，它改变了原始问题的范围。

标签： java android testing mockito mvp

【解决方案1】：

你并没有告诉框架遇到这一行时它应该做什么

view.showScanScreen()

和

view.showMainScreen()

做

doNothing().when(view).showScanScreen();
doNothing().when(view).showMainScreen();

你的测试方法会是这样的

@Test
public void handleScanButtonClicked() {
    doNothing().when(view).showScanScreen();
    presenter.handleScanButtonClicked();
    verify(view).showScanScreen();
}

@Test
public void handleBackButtonClicked() {
    doNothing().when(view).showMainScreen();
    presenter.handleBackButtonClicked();
    verify(view).showMainScreen();
}

【讨论】：

感谢您的回答。我试过了，但没有任何作用。
您是否尝试调试，代码流是否与您正在调用的函数一致
我现在仔细研究了方法调用，似乎没有执行 Presenter.handleScanButtonClicked() 方法中的代码。在 handleScanButtonClicked() 的开头停止 - 测试，我通过按 Step into 一次到达 Presenter.handleScanButtonClicked() 方法的结尾。

【解决方案2】：

如果您想在本地机器的 JVM 上运行测试，那么您需要将它们放在 test 包中，而不是放在 androidTest 包中。 androidTest 用于仪器测试，需要 Android 框架才能运行。

查看此post 了解它们之间的差异。

【讨论】：

MainPresenterTest 位于测试包中。我在我的问题中添加了我的包裹位置的摘录。