【发布时间】：2017-10-16 20:07:29
【问题描述】：
我用 ORM (Hibernate) 编写了 Rest Api，现在我想测试该服务逻辑。 我正在尝试模拟我的数据库的实体，但我没有出色的结果。 我的选择是用 Mockito 来解决这个问题，但现在我对此表示怀疑。 通常我从我写的测试中得到 NullPointerException 。我应该以另一种方式编写 Junit 测试（“模拟”该数据库的不同方式）还是我不了解 Hibernate？
这是我的代码： 测试类
public class ItemServiceImplTest {
@Spy
private ItemServiceImplementation itemServImpl;
@Mock
private BasketRepository basketRepository;
@Mock
private ItemRepository itemRepository;
@Mock
private Basket basket;
@Spy
private Item item;
@Before
public void setupMock() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
itemServImpl = new ItemServiceImplementation();
itemServImpl.setItemRepository(itemRepository);
itemServImpl.setBasketRepository(basketRepository);
}
@Test
public void testShowBasket() {
Iterable<Basket> element = basketRepository.findAll();
when(itemServImpl.showBasket()).thenReturn(element);
Iterable<Basket> elementOne = itemServImpl.showBasket();
assertThat(elementOne, is(equalTo(element)));
}
@Test
public void testAddToBasketStringInt() {
Item a = new Item("A", 40, 70, 3);
Basket testObjOne = new Basket(3, 70, a);
when(itemServImpl.addToBasket("A", 3)).thenReturn((Iterable<Basket>) basketRepository.save(testObjOne));
Iterable<Basket> zzz = itemServImpl.addToBasket("A", 3);
assertThat(zzz, is(equalTo(testObjOne)));
}
型号
@Entity
public class Item {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private long id;
private String name;
private int price;
private int specialPrice;
private int qtyToDiscount;
public Item(){};
public Item(String name, int price, int specialPrice, int qtyToDiscount) {
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
this.specialPrice = specialPrice;
this.qtyToDiscount = qtyToDiscount;
}
@Entity
public class Basket {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private long orderId;
private int quantity;
private int cost;
@OneToOne
@JoinTable(name = "BASKET_ORDERS", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "ORDER_ID") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "ID") })
private Item item;
public Basket() {
}
public Basket(int quantity, int cost,Item items) {
this.quantity = quantity;
this.cost = cost;
this.item = items;
}
服务
@Service("itemService")
@Transactional
public class ItemServiceImplementation implements ItemCRUDService, ItemCostService, ItemFindService {
public static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ItemServiceImplementation.class);
@Autowired
public void setItemRepository(ItemRepository itemRepository) {
this.itemRepository = itemRepository;
}
@Autowired
public void setBasketRepository(BasketRepository basketRepository) {
this.basketRepository = basketRepository;
}
private BasketRepository basketRepository;
private ItemRepository itemRepository;
public Iterable<Basket> showBasket() {
return basketRepository.findAll();
}
public Iterable<Basket> addToBasket(String name, int qty) {
if (basketRepository.exists(itemRepository.findOne(findItem(name).getId()).getId())==false) {
logger.info("add to empty list");
basketRepository.save(new Basket(qty, itemCost(name, qty), findItem(name)));
logger.info("adding");
}
modifyOrder(findItem(name).getId(), qty);
itemCost(name, qty);
logger.info("modify");
return showBasket();
}
public Item findItem(String name) {
for (Item item : itemRepository.findAll()) {
if (item.getName().equals(name)) {
return item;
}
}
return null;
}
public int itemCost(String name, int qty) {
int price = 0;
int modulo = qty % findItem(name).getSpecialPrice();
price = findItem(name).getPrice() * modulo
+ findItem(name).getSpecialPrice() * ((qty - modulo) / `findItem(name).getSpecialPrice());`
return price;
}
【问题讨论】：
-
您似乎正在将 Mockito 为您创建的
ItemServiceImplementation替换为一个新的，而不是间谍。您应该删除setUpMock()的第二行。 -
您是否考虑过使用 H2 作为真正的内存数据库，而不是模拟您的数据库操作的复杂模拟？您准备测试数据而不是模拟，并且可以使用普通的黑盒服务调用测试而不是深入研究您的实现（因此防止任何简单的重构）。
-
谢谢大家的建议。最后，在使用 mockito 进行了几次尝试后，我使用 H2 测试了我的项目（成功）。
标签： java hibernate unit-testing spring-boot mockito