同时这可以通过装饰器结合Object.freeze 或Object.defineProperty 来解决,我正在使用它,它比使用大量吸气剂要漂亮一点。您可以直接复制/粘贴 TS Playground 以查看它的实际效果。 - 有两种选择
将各个字段设为“最终”
以下装饰器将带注释的静态和非静态字段都转换为“getter-only-properties”。
注意:如果一个没有初始值的实例变量被注释为@final,那么第一个赋值(无论何时)都是最后一个。
// example
class MyClass {
@final
public finalProp: string = "You shall not change me!";
@final
public static FINAL_FIELD: number = 75;
public static NON_FINAL: string = "I am not final."
}
var myInstance: MyClass = new MyClass();
myInstance.finalProp = "Was I changed?";
MyClass.FINAL_FIELD = 123;
MyClass.NON_FINAL = "I was changed.";
console.log(myInstance.finalProp); // => You shall not change me!
console.log(MyClass.FINAL_FIELD); // => 75
console.log(MyClass.NON_FINAL); // => I was changed.
装饰器:确保将其包含在代码中!
/**
* Turns static and non-static fields into getter-only, and therefor renders them "final".
* To use simply annotate the static or non-static field with: @final
*/
function final(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
const value: any = target[propertyKey];
// if it currently has no value, then wait for the first setter-call
// usually the case with non-static fields
if (!value) {
Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, {
set: function (value: any) {
Object.defineProperty(this, propertyKey, {
get: function () {
return value;
},
enumerable: true,
configurable: false
});
},
enumerable: true,
configurable: true
});
} else { // else, set it immediatly
Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, {
get: function () {
return value;
},
enumerable: true
});
}
}
作为上述装饰器的替代方案,还有一个严格的版本,当有人试图为设置了"use strict"; 的字段分配一些值时,它甚至会抛出错误。 (不过这只是静态部分)
/**
* Turns static fields into getter-only, and therefor renders them "final".
* Also throws an error in strict mode if the value is tried to be touched.
* To use simply annotate the static field with: @strictFinal
*/
function strictFinal(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, {
value: target[propertyKey],
writable: false,
enumerable: true
});
}
使每个静态字段“最终”
可能的缺点:这仅适用于该类的所有静态或不适用,但不能应用于特定的静态。
/**
* Freezes the annotated class, making every static 'final'.
* Usage:
* @StaticsFinal
* class MyClass {
* public static SOME_STATIC: string = "SOME_STATIC";
* //...
* }
*/
function StaticsFinal(target: any) {
Object.freeze(target);
}
// Usage here
@StaticsFinal
class FreezeMe {
public static FROZEN_STATIC: string = "I am frozen";
}
class EditMyStuff {
public static NON_FROZEN_STATIC: string = "I am frozen";
}
// Test here
FreezeMe.FROZEN_STATIC = "I am not frozen.";
EditMyStuff.NON_FROZEN_STATIC = "I am not frozen.";
console.log(FreezeMe.FROZEN_STATIC); // => "I am frozen."
console.log(EditMyStuff.NON_FROZEN_STATIC); // => "I am not frozen."