填充数组并使其可使用 Angular Material 过滤

Question

我想在我的 Angular 应用启动时填充一个数组并将其用于 Material Autocomplete。我可以从我的 PHP 后端接收 JSON。在 ngOnInit 中，我什至可以将其提供给数组并将其注销。但是后来我的数组仍然未定义。我应该怎样做才能让内容最终显示在我的选项列表中？

app.component.html：

<form class="example-form">
  <mat-form-field class="example-full-width">
    <input type="text" placeholder="Pick one" aria-label="Number" matInput [formControl]="myControl" [matAutocomplete]="auto">
    <mat-autocomplete #auto="matAutocomplete">
      <mat-option *ngFor="let option of filteredOptions | async" [value]="option">
        {{option}}
      </mat-option>
    </mat-autocomplete>
  </mat-form-field>
</form>

app.component.ts：

 import {Component, OnInit, AfterViewInit} from '@angular/core';
import {FormControl} from '@angular/forms';
import {Observable} from 'rxjs';
import {map, startWith, takeUntil, switchMap} from 'rxjs/operators';
import { ServerService } from './server.service';

/**
 * @title Filter autocomplete
 */
@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: 'app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['app.component.css'],
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  myControl = new FormControl();
  megyek: Observable<string[]>;
  filteredOptions: Observable<string[]>;

  constructor(private serverService: ServerService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    // don't manually subscribe!
    this.megyek = this.serverService.getMegyek();

    // use switchmap, if user types fast
    this.filteredOptions = this.myControl.valueChanges.pipe(
      startWith(''),
      switchMap(value => this._filter(value))
    );
  }

  private _filter(value: string): string[] {
    const filterValue = value.toLowerCase();
    return this.megyek
      .filter(option => option.toLowerCase().includes(filterValue));
  }
}

app.module.ts

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { ReactiveFormsModule, FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { ServerService } from './server.service';
import { HttpModule } from '@angular/http';


import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

import {
  MatButtonModule,
  MatFormFieldModule,
  MatInputModule,
  MatRippleModule,
  MatAutocompleteModule,
} from '@angular/material';

import {BrowserAnimationsModule} from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';

@NgModule({
  exports: [
    MatButtonModule,
    MatFormFieldModule,
    MatInputModule,
    MatRippleModule,
    MatAutocompleteModule,
    ReactiveFormsModule,
    BrowserAnimationsModule,
    FormsModule,
    HttpModule
  ],
  declarations: [],
  imports: []
})
export class MaterialModule {}

@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    MaterialModule,
    BrowserModule,
  ],
  providers: [ServerService],
  bootstrap: [
    AppComponent,
  ],
  schemas: [],
})
export class AppModule { }

server.service.ts

import {throwError as observableThrowError,  Observable } from 'rxjs';

import {catchError, map} from 'rxjs/operators';
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { Headers, Http, Response } from '@angular/http';

@Injectable()
export class ServerService {
  constructor(private http: Http) {}
  storeServers(servers: any[]) {
    const headers = new Headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'});
    // return this.http.post('https://udemy-ng-http.firebaseio.com/data.json',
    //   servers,
    //   {headers: headers});
    return this.http.put('https://udemy-ng-http.firebaseio.com/data.json',
      servers,
      {headers: headers});
  }
  getMegyek() {
    return this.http.get('http://localhost/Varosok/Controller/ControllerCity.php?content=megyek').pipe(
      map(
        (response: Response) => {
          console.log(response);
          const data = response.json();
          /*for (const megye of data) {
            megye.trim();
          }*/
          return data;
        }
      ),
      catchError(
        (error: Response) => {
          console.log(error);
          return observableThrowError('Something went wrong');
        }
      ), );
  }
  getAppName() {
    return this.http.get('https://udemy-ng-http.firebaseio.com/appName.json').pipe(
      map(
        (response: Response) => {
          return response.json();
        }
      ));
  }
}

Answer 1

Your return value of array is any[] and you are now passing to an observable. 
Change this (filteredOptions: Observable<string[]>) to (filteredOptions:any[])
change the ngOnit() code to this
(
this.serverService.getMegyek().pipe(**inside here you can use takeUntil to unsubscribe**)
    .subscribe(
      (megyek: any[]) => {
        this.megyek = megyek;
        console.log(this.megyek);
      },
      (error) => console.log(error)
    );
)


if you html view use it like this: (
  <mat-autocomplete #auto="matAutocomplete">
      <mat-option *ngFor="let option of filteredOptions" [value]="option">
        {{option}}
      </mat-option>
    </mat-autocomplete>
*** Don't your array don't come out in a form of key:value? like opion.name and co..
if so, change this {{option}} to something like {{option.name}}
)

Answer 2

请记住，您填充 megyek 的请求是异步的。所以当AfterViewInit被执行时，megyek没有值（还）但是是undefined，因此它会抛出错误。保持 megyek 为 Observable，不要使用 AfterViewInit。所以试试：

myControl = new FormControl();
megyek: Observable<string[]>;
filteredOptions: Observable<string[]>;

constructor(private serverService: ServerService) { }

ngOnInit() {
  // don't manually subscribe!
  this.megyek = this.serverService.getMegyek();

  // use switchmap, if user types fast
  this.filteredOptions = this.myControl.valueChanges.pipe(
    startWith(''),
    switchMap(value => this._filter(value))
  );
}

同样在您的过滤器中，您需要使用 map 来访问数组中的每个字段，并且我将其更改为带有 pipe 的 rxjs 6，看起来您正在使用它。

private _filter(value: string): Observable<string[]> {
  return this.megyek.pipe(
    map(options => options.filter(option => option.toLowerCase().includes(value)))
  )
}

演示：StackBlitz