让 sendgrid-ruby 库作为 ruby​​ 脚本运行的问题

Question

我正在尝试让 sendgrid-ruby 库发送电子邮件，并且我设法编写了一个脚本，我可以逐行运行并开始工作。但是，当我尝试将脚本作为一个整体运行时，我得到了

/Users/andrewaccuardi/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/sendgrid-ruby-5.1.0/lib/sendgrid/client.rb:24:in `+': no implicit conversion of nil into String (TypeError)

这是我用于调用的代码：

require 'sendgrid-ruby'
include SendGrid

sg = SendGrid::API.new(api_key: ENV['SENDGRID_API_KEY'])
email = SendGrid::Mail.new
email.from = SendGrid::Email.new(email: "example@email.com", name: "Example User")
email.subject = "Your Email's Subject"

p = SendGrid::Personalization.new
p.add_to(SendGrid::Email.new(email: "example_email", name: "example_name"))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-companyName-', value: 'Example_company'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventName-', value: 'DINOSAUR PARTY'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventDays-', value: '35'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventStartDate-', value: '08/15/1993'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventEndDate-', value: '12/22/1992'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventStartTime-', value: '12:30pm'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventEndTime-', value: '12:30am'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventAddress-', value: '1234 SE Main St.'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventYears-', value: '3'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventWebsite-', value: 'www.example.com'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventFacebook-', value: 'facebook.com/example'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventTwitter-', value: 'twitter.com/example'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventOtherMedia-', value: 'othermedia.com/example'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventDescription-', value: "Vape shoreditch fixie man bun vexillologist VHS. You probably haven't heard of them stumptown edison bulb, echo park narwhal +1 skateboard portland poutine pok pok bitters activated charcoal pinterest. Mlkshk 90's jean shorts kale chips four dollar toast glossier. Ennui semiotics brunch twee man braid lumbersexual chia plaid. Crucifix kogi tofu cardigan. Roof party sustainable jean shorts umami asymmetrical dreamcatcher. Offal biodiesel edison bulb tofu raw denim cred. Kogi banh mi shoreditch."))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventAttendance-', value: '50+'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventCategory-', value: 'Entertainment'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventGender-', value: 'Female'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventAge-', value: '21+'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-eventRequest-', value: 'Beer'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-sellingRequest-', value: 'Email Blast'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-repsNeeded-', value: '5'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-tapsNeeded-', value: '10'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-cupsNeeded-', value: '15'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-alcoholPermit-', value: 'Yeah, buddy'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-food-', value: 'Pizza'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-promoOpps-', value: 'Lots'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-nonProfName-', value: 'Non-profit example name'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-nonProfWebsite-', value: 'www.nonprofitexample.com'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-nonProfEmail-', value: 'examplenonprofit@email.com'))
p.add_substitution(Substitution.new(key: '-nonProfPhone-', value: '555-555-3331'))

email.add_personalization(p)
email.template_id = "684f302c-5669-4114-a953-c3e15d6de44d"
response = sg.client.mail._('send').post(request_body: email.to_json)
puts response.status_code
puts response.body
puts response.headers

任何关于如何前进的见解都会很棒，谢谢！

Answer 1

Rails 控制台加载环境变量，因此当从那里执行代码时，ENV['SENDGRID_API_KEY'] 具有值。
当您在不加载环境的情况下将其作为脚本运行时，结果为零。
根据此处的文档：
https://github.com/sendgrid/sendgrid-ruby#setup-environment-variables
你必须导出这个。