当我 rake db 时，seed.rb 中出现错误：seed 被中止

Question

我正在尝试在 seed.rb 文件中创建一些数据。当我尝试执行rake db:seed 时出现此错误：

    $ rake db:seed
/Users/romenigld/workspace/ebook/beginning_rails_4_3rd_edition/blog/db/seeds.rb:1: warning: encountered \r in middle of line, treated as a mere space
rake aborted!
SyntaxError: /Users/romenigld/workspace/ebook/beginning_rails_4_3rd_edition/blog/db/seeds.rb:1: syntax error, unexpected tCONSTANT, expecting end-of-input
Category.create([{:name => 'Programmi...
...                               ^
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:547:in `load_seed'
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/activerecord-4.2.5.1/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:250:in `load_seed'
/Users/romenigld/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/activerecord-4.2.5.1/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:183:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
Tasks: TOP => db:seed
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

我的seed.rb 文件：

user = User.create :email => 'mary@example.com', :password => 'guessit'

Category.create([{:name => 'Programming'},
                 {:name => 'Event'},
                 {:name => 'Travel'},
                 {:name => 'Music'},
                 {:name => 'TV'}])

我的用户.rb：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one :profile
  has_many :articles, -> { order('published_at DESC, title ASC')},
                      :dependent => :nullify
end

我的类别.rb：

class Category < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_and_belongs_to_many :articles
end

我的文章.rb：

class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
  validates_presence_of :title, :body

  belongs_to :user
  has_and_belongs_to_many :categories

  def long_title
    "#{title} - #{published_at}"
  end
end

在我创建articles_categories 之前：

class CreateArticlesCategories < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :articles_categories, :id => false do |t|
      t.references :article
      t.references :category
    end
  end
  def self.down
    drop_table :articles_categories
  end
end

并创建模型类别：

class CreateArticlesCategories < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :articles_categories, :id => false do |t|
      t.references :article
      t.references :category
    end
  end
  def self.down
    drop_table :articles_categories
  end
end

Answer 1

您收到的错误只是语法错误。 这是 Rails 在他们的 seed.rb 中提供的示例中的一些代码

# Examples:
#
#   cities = City.create([{ name: 'Chicago' }, { name: 'Copenhagen' }])
#   Mayor.create(name: 'Emanuel', city: cities.first)

这是您的代码。

Category.create([{:name => 'Programming'},
             {:name => 'Event'},
             {:name => 'Travel'},
             {:name => 'Music'},
             {:name => 'TV'}])

尝试将您的代码重新格式化为示例提供的语法 -

Category.create([
             { name: 'Programming'},
             { name: 'Event'},
             { name: 'Travel'},
             { name: 'Music'},
             { name: 'TV'}
           ])

我相信在为数据库播种时，您使用哈希火箭的唯一时间是在涉及播种的数组之外，但我可能是错的，只是一个想法。

希望这会有所帮助！