如果您想对链表实施容量限制,最好的方法是设置每个列表的限制。以下结构将允许:
// List structure: first/last pointers plus remaining capacity.
typedef struct {
tNode *first;
tNode *last;
size_t freeCount;
} tList;
// Node structure: value pointer and next.
typedef struct sNode {
void *val;
struct sNode *next;
} tNode;
然后你初始化每个列表的限制:
// Creates an empty list.
tList *makeList (size_t limit) {
tList *list = malloc (sizeof (tList));
if (list == NULL)
return NULL;
list->freeCount = limit;
list->first = list->last = NULL;
}
// Destroys a list after clearing it if necessary.
void destroyList (tList list) {
void *val = getNode (list);
while (val != NULL) {
free (val);
val = getNode (list);
}
free (list);
}
之后,如果freeCount为零,则添加节点将失败,否则将添加节点并减少freeCount。删除一个节点会增加freeCount,类似于:
// Puts an item on to the list end.
int putNode (tList *list, void *val, size_t sz) {
// No more capacity.
if (list->freeCount == 0) return -1;
// Try to make node, returning error if no memory.
tNode *node = malloc (sizeof (tNode));
if (node == NULL) return -1;
// Try to duplicate payload, clean up and return if no memory.
node->val = malloc (sz);
if (node->val == NULL) {
free (node);
return -1;
}
// Initialise node.
memcpy (node->val, val, sz)
node->next = NULL;
// Adjust remaining capacity and insert into list.
list->freeCount--;
if (list->first == NULL) {
list->first = list->last = node;
} else {
list->last->next = node;
list->last = node;
}
return 0;
}
// Gets an item from the list.
void *getNode (tList *list) {
// If empty, just return NULL.
if (list->first == NULL)
return NULL;
// Get first node and remove it from list.
tNode node = list->first;
list->first = list->first->next;
// Get the payload and free the node.
void *val = node->val;
free (node);
// Adjust remianing capacity and return payload.
list->freeCount++;
return val;
}
注意所有正常的错误情况(没有内存、列表为空等等)以及当您已经达到满容量时尝试添加节点的额外限制(当freeCount 为零时)。