更新 Ruby 版本和 gems，gem 更新失败答案

【问题标题】：Updating Ruby version and gems, gem update failures更新 Ruby 版本和 gems，gem 更新失败
【发布时间】：2015-07-10 11:57:26
【问题描述】：

我正在使用 IDE Cloud9 并想升级 Ruby 版本（从 2.1.5. 到 2.2.1）。安装 RVM 后，我说 rvm use 2.2.1 并将 Gemfile 中的 Ruby 版本更改为 2.2.1。然后我跑了bundle install，得到了以下结果：

Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..........
Fetching version metadata from https://rubygems.org/...
Fetching dependency metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Fetching https://github.com/leikind/wice_grid.git
Using rake 10.4.2
Installing CFPropertyList 2.3.1
Installing i18n 0.7.0
Installing json 1.8.3
Installing minitest 5.7.0
Installing thread_safe 0.3.5
Installing tzinfo 1.2.2
Installing activesupport 4.2.3
Installing builder 3.2.2
Installing erubis 2.7.0
Installing mini_portile 0.6.2

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20150710-9483-je82d8.rb extconf.rb 
checking if the C compiler accepts ... yes
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
checking for gzdopen() in -lz... yes
checking for iconv... yes
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT NOTICE:

Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of libxml2-2.9.2
with the following patches applied:
        - 0001-Revert-Missing-initialization-for-the-catalog-module.patch
        - 0002-Fix-missing-entities-after-CVE-2014-3660-fix.patch

Team Nokogiri will keep on doing their best to provide security
updates in a timely manner, but if this is a concern for you and want
to use the system library instead; abort this installation process and
reinstall nokogiri as follows:

    gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
        [--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config]
        [--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config]

If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:

    bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
    bundle install

Note, however, that nokogiri is not fully compatible with arbitrary
versions of libxml2 provided by OS/package vendors.
************************************************************************
Extracting libxml2-2.9.2.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxml2/2.9.2... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxml2/0001-Revert-Missing-initialization-for-the-catalog-module.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxml2/0002-Fix-missing-entities-after-CVE-2014-3660-fix.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK
Running 'configure' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK
Running 'compile' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK
Running 'install' for libxml2 2.9.2... OK
Activating libxml2 2.9.2 (from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libxml2/2.9.2)...
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT NOTICE:

Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of libxslt-1.1.28
with the following patches applied:
        - 0001-Adding-doc-update-related-to-1.1.28.patch
        - 0002-Fix-a-couple-of-places-where-f-printf-parameters-wer.patch
        - 0003-Initialize-pseudo-random-number-generator-with-curre.patch
        - 0004-EXSLT-function-str-replace-is-broken-as-is.patch
        - 0006-Fix-str-padding-to-work-with-UTF-8-strings.patch
        - 0007-Separate-function-for-predicate-matching-in-patterns.patch
        - 0008-Fix-direct-pattern-matching.patch
        - 0009-Fix-certain-patterns-with-predicates.patch
        - 0010-Fix-handling-of-UTF-8-strings-in-EXSLT-crypto-module.patch
        - 0013-Memory-leak-in-xsltCompileIdKeyPattern-error-path.patch
        - 0014-Fix-for-bug-436589.patch
        - 0015-Fix-mkdir-for-mingw.patch

Team Nokogiri will keep on doing their best to provide security
updates in a timely manner, but if this is a concern for you and want
to use the system library instead; abort this installation process and
reinstall nokogiri as follows:

    gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
        [--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config]
        [--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config]

If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:

    bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
    bundle install
************************************************************************
Extracting libxslt-1.1.28.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxslt/1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0001-Adding-doc-update-related-to-1.1.28.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0002-Fix-a-couple-of-places-where-f-printf-parameters-wer.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0003-Initialize-pseudo-random-number-generator-with-curre.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0004-EXSLT-function-str-replace-is-broken-as-is.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0006-Fix-str-padding-to-work-with-UTF-8-strings.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0007-Separate-function-for-predicate-matching-in-patterns.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0008-Fix-direct-pattern-matching.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0009-Fix-certain-patterns-with-predicates.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0010-Fix-handling-of-UTF-8-strings-in-EXSLT-crypto-module.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0013-Memory-leak-in-xsltCompileIdKeyPattern-error-path.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0014-Fix-for-bug-436589.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running patch with /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ports/patches/libxslt/0015-Fix-mkdir-for-mingw.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running 'configure' for libxslt 1.1.28... OK
Running 'compile' for libxslt 1.1.28... ERROR, review '/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/ext/nokogiri/tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxslt/1.1.28/compile.log' to see what happened.
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
        --help
        --clean
        --use-system-libraries
        --enable-static
        --disable-static
        --with-zlib-dir
        --without-zlib-dir
        --with-zlib-include
        --without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include
        --with-zlib-lib
        --without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib
        --enable-cross-build
        --disable-cross-build
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:279:in `block in execute': Failed to complete compile task (RuntimeError)
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:271:in `chdir'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:271:in `execute'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:70:in `compile'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/mini_portile-0.6.2/lib/mini_portile.rb:110:in `cook'
        from extconf.rb:278:in `block in process_recipe'
        from extconf.rb:177:in `tap'
        from extconf.rb:177:in `process_recipe'
        from extconf.rb:487:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/gems/nokogiri-1.6.6.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.2.0/nokogiri-1.6.6.2/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing nokogiri (1.6.6.2), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.6.6.2'` succeeds before bundling.

此外，Cloud9 生成了一个弹出窗口 disk quota reached（在运行 bundle install 之前我有超过 200MB 的可用空间。我尝试运行 gem install nokogiri -v '1.6.6.2'，就像最后指示的错误消息一样。但这失败并出现错误上面粘贴的消息。我认为这可能是由于磁盘配额不足，但我不确定。我尝试使用gem cleanup 和rake tmp:clear 进行清理，但这些会产生错误：Could not find nokogiri-1.6.6.2 in any of the sources. Run 'bundle install' to install missing gems. 我应该如何从在这里？

【问题讨论】：

升级时是否从 rvm 中删除了旧的 ruby 版本？也许可以清理那里的一些空间（我对云 9 了解不多，所以可能不算..）
对不起，我看错了堆栈跟踪，它是mini_portile。试试gem install mini_portile。 Mini-portile 将存储一堆 C 库的编译版本，而不是系统库，因此它可以占用一些磁盘空间 - 当您在自己的机器上运行时，这通常不是问题。
谢谢大家，我使用 rvm remove ruby 2.1.5 删除了旧的 ruby 版本（结果也卸载了所有 gem）。我的磁盘使用量从 1GB 下降到 400MB（而在添加新的 Ruby 版本之前它只有 700MB 多一点）。然后我跑了gem install nokogiri 和bundle install，都没有问题。一切正常。有趣的是，我现在的磁盘使用量略高于 500MB，而在这一切开始之前，它超过了 700MB。总之，磁盘空间确实是所有问题的原因。 @Doon，如果您将其添加为答案，我会接受。
在运行bundle install之前，您是否尝试过向bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries提供的建议？
不，没试过。仅使用gem install nokogiri。

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby ruby-on-rails-4 rvm cloud9-ide

【解决方案1】：

通过 rvm 删除旧版本的 ruby，这将释放空间。

将来您可能会尝试使用rvm upgrade 进行就地升级，因为它会升级 ruby，并且他们会尝试迁移您的所有 gem，然后为您提供删除旧 ruby 的选项。但是，如果您因配额而受到空间限制，您可能会遇到类似的问题。

【讨论】：