【问题标题】：Library not loaded error -- wrong ruby库未加载错误 - 错误的 ruby
【发布时间】：2013-08-11 03:04:32
【问题描述】：

我正在使用带有 Ruby 1.9.3 p448 的 RVM，但是当我尝试运行我的 rails 服务器时，我收到了这个错误（以及其他一些问题）

9): Library not loaded: /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327/lib/libruby.1.9.1.dylib (LoadError)
      Referenced from: /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix_spawn_ext.bundle
      Reason: image not found - /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix_spawn_ext.bundle

奇怪的是，它引用了 ruby-1.9.3-p327，它甚至不是我安装的 RVM 之一。我应该删除它没有找到 libruby 的那个 Ruby 文件夹吗？或者还有什么问题？

编辑 -- 完全错误

/Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require': dlopen(/Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix_spawn_ext.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327/lib/libruby.1.9.1.dylib (LoadError)
  Referenced from: /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix_spawn_ext.bundle
  Reason: image not found - /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix_spawn_ext.bundle
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix/spawn.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix-spawn.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/albino-1.3.3/lib/albino.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block (2 levels) in require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `each'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `block in require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `each'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/bundler-1.3.5/lib/bundler.rb:132:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/config/application.rb:12:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `require'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `block in <top (required)>'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap'
  from /Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `<top (required)>'
  from script/rails:6:in `require'
  from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

白化宝石似乎在这个底部，但我认为它是应用程序所必需的，所以我不能把它拿出来。我尝试了 gem uninstall albino （没有输出）然后捆绑安装，但这并没有解决任何问题。捆绑更新也是如此，下面是 mpapis 和 sahil 的帮助。

【问题讨论】：

这个老问题对stackoverflow.com/questions/11287274/…有帮助吗
我希望你在启动你的 Rails 服务器之前做了rvm use ruby_version_you_want_to_use --default。
嗯。我尝试安装 p327，就像原始海报一样，但没有成功。然后我尝试重新安装我的捆绑包。然后我注释掉了有问题的宝石，但这没有用。 RVM 默认使用正确的 ruby。

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby rvm

【解决方案1】：

当宝石链接错误时可能会发生这种情况，试试这个：

rvm get head
rvm reinstall 1.9.3-p448
rvm use 1.9.3-p448

这将重新安装 ruby 并使所有 gem 保持原始状态，这应该可以防止此类问题发生 - 除非 gem 作者做了一些超出标准 ruby 检测的额外技巧。

更新

使用bundlers 标志--deployment 或--path 并不总是安全的，错误消息显示：

/Users/sashafklein/rails/<appname>/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/posix-spawn-0.3.6/lib/posix_spawn_ext.bundle

这意味着 gem 是用其他 ruby 编译的，现在找不到它。

修复它的最简单方法是停止使用--deployment 标志，因为它是持久化的，摆脱它（以及所有其他潜在危险设置）的最简单方法是：

rm -rf .bundle/ vendor/bundle 
bundle install

解读

Bundler 在运行时过滤 gem 做得很好，不幸的是，它使用 --deployment 标志强制执行另一层过滤，这会强制将 gem 安装到多个 rubies 常见的路径 - 在这种情况下：ruby/1.9.1，这是不安全，因为 rubies 可以使用不同的设置进行编译，这可能会破坏不同 ruby 中使用的 c-extension gem。

【讨论】：

谢谢！但很可惜，问题仍然存在。我认为这是 gem 的问题——无论出于何种原因，它似乎都特别需要 p327。虽然这适用于我的另一台计算机。不记得它使用的是什么红宝石版本。无论如何，我会在上面发布完整的错误。也许那里有一些不明显的东西。
一开始我错过了，用修复和描述更新了我的答案