Chromedriver / Capybara 打开的文件太多 - “127.0.0.1”端口 9518 的套接字（2）

【问题标题】：Chromedriver / Capybara Too many open files - socket(2) for "127.0.0.1" port 9518Chromedriver / Capybara 打开的文件太多 - “127.0.0.1”端口 9518 的套接字（2）
【发布时间】：2020-01-07 16:23:34
【问题描述】：

当水豚选择器格式错误或找不到时，我会收到此错误（详情如下）。

我认为这是我们最近升级到最新驱动程序后的新功能。

触发这个的命令：

find('.panel.#synopsis .btn', text: /new email/i)

在sudo lsof -i :9518这样的错误之前返回6个项目，之后似乎有数百个。

错误：

 Failure/Error: TCPSocket.open(conn_addr, conn_port, @local_host, @local_port)

 Errno::EMFILE:
   Failed to open TCP connection to 127.0.0.1:9518 (Too many open files - socket(2) for "127.0.0.1" port 9518)
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/net/http.rb:960:in `initialize'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/net/http.rb:960:in `open'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/net/http.rb:960:in `block in connect'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/timeout.rb:78:in `timeout'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/net/http.rb:958:in `connect'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/net/http.rb:943:in `do_start'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/webmock-3.7.6/lib/webmock/http_lib_adapters/net_http.rb:136:in `start_with_connect_without_finish'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/webmock-3.7.6/lib/webmock/http_lib_adapters/net_http.rb:104:in `request'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/default.rb:129:in `response_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/default.rb:82:in `request'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/http/common.rb:64:in `call'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/bridge.rb:167:in `execute'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/w3c/bridge.rb:567:in `execute'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/remote/w3c/bridge.rb:173:in `window_handles'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-3.142.7/lib/selenium/webdriver/common/driver.rb:187:in `window_handles'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara/selenium/driver.rb:208:in `window_handles'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara/selenium/driver_specializations/chrome_driver.rb:43:in `reset!'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara/session.rb:130:in `reset!'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara.rb:322:in `block in reset_sessions!'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara.rb:322:in `reverse_each'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara.rb:322:in `reset_sessions!'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/capybara-3.30.0/lib/capybara/rspec.rb:18:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:450:in `instance_exec'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:450:in `instance_exec'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:363:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:515:in `block in run_owned_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:514:in `each'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:514:in `run_owned_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:601:in `block in run_example_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:600:in `each'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:600:in `run_example_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:471:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:510:in `run_after_example'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:276:in `block in run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:503:in `block in with_around_and_singleton_context_hooks'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:460:in `block in with_around_example_hooks'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:472:in `block in run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:612:in `block in run_around_example_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:345:in `call'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-rails-3.9.0/lib/rspec/rails/adapters.rb:127:in `block (2 levels) in <module:MinitestLifecycleAdapter>'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:450:in `instance_exec'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:450:in `instance_exec'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:381:in `execute_with'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:614:in `block (2 levels) in run_around_example_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:345:in `call'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:615:in `run_around_example_hooks_for'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/hooks.rb:472:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:460:in `with_around_example_hooks'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:503:in `with_around_and_singleton_context_hooks'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example.rb:254:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:633:in `block in run_examples'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:629:in `map'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:629:in `run_examples'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:595:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:596:in `block in run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:596:in `map'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:596:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:596:in `block in run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:596:in `map'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:596:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:121:in `block (3 levels) in run_specs'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:121:in `map'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:121:in `block (2 levels) in run_specs'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:2031:in `with_suite_hooks'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:116:in `block in run_specs'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/reporter.rb:74:in `report'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:115:in `run_specs'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:89:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:71:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:45:in `invoke'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/rspec-core-3.9.1/exe/rspec:4:in `<top (required)>'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/bin/rspec:23:in `load'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/bin/rspec:23:in `<top (required)>'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/cli/exec.rb:63:in `load'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/cli/exec.rb:63:in `kernel_load'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/cli/exec.rb:28:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/cli.rb:476:in `exec'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/invocation.rb:127:in `invoke_command'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor.rb:399:in `dispatch'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/cli.rb:30:in `dispatch'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/base.rb:476:in `start'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/cli.rb:24:in `start'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/bundler-2.1.2/libexec/bundle:46:in `block in <top (required)>'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/friendly_errors.rb:123:in `with_friendly_errors'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/bundler-2.1.2/libexec/bundle:34:in `<top (required)>'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
 # /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'
 # 
 #   Showing full backtrace because every line was filtered out.
 #   See docs for RSpec::Configuration#backtrace_exclusion_patterns and
 #   RSpec::Configuration#backtrace_inclusion_patterns for more information.
 # ------------------
 # --- Caused by: ---
 # Errno::EMFILE:
 #   Too many open files - socket(2) for "127.0.0.1" port 9518
 #   /Users/myuser/.rbenv/versions/2.7.0/lib/ruby/2.7.0/net/http.rb:960:in `initialize'

【问题讨论】：

    标签： selenium-chromedriver capybara webmock


    【解决方案1】：

    如果您在规范中使用 WebMock，则将以下内容添加到您的 rails_helper.rb：

    WebMock.allow_net_connect!(net_http_connect_on_start: true) 或者 WebMock.disable_net_connect!(net_http_connect_on_start: true)

    来源：https://github.com/bblimke/webmock/blob/master/README.md#connecting-on-nethttpstart

    【讨论】：

    • 这行得通。我不明白为什么它只在 ruby​​ 2.7 中变得有必要，或者为什么它不仅仅是默认设置。
    【解决方案2】：

    自从升级到 ruby 2.7 以来，我一直收到与 Capybara 功能规格相同的错误消息，它与打开的文件本身无关。当 Capybara 错过选择器时（在您的情况下，可能是 find('.panel.#synopsis .btn', text: /new email/i)），它会引发 socket(2) too many files 错误。

    【讨论】：

    • 看起来这不是这个问题的答案。如果您想对此问题发表评论，问题下方有评论按钮。
    • 我可以确认这是问题的正确答案。我最近也升级到 Ruby 2.7，现在当 Capybara 找不到元素时，我也看到了同样的误导性“打开的文件太多”错误：Failed to open TCP connection to 127.0.0.1:9515 (Too many open files - socket(2) for "127.0.0.1" port 9515)这似乎是 Capybara 中应该修复的错误跨度>
    • 这里解释了github.com/teamcapybara/capybara#gotchas。还有解决方案。
    • 谢谢@PepaChmel :)
    • 为什么这种情况只发生在 ruby​​ 2.7 中？
    【解决方案3】：

    ulimit -Sn 10240 成功了

       -S   Set a soft limit for the given resource.
   -n   The maximum number of open file descriptors.

    【讨论】：

    • 我将该行添加到我的~/.zshrc 配置文件中，它也适用于新的终端窗口。 （如果您使用的是常规终端，请在此文件中添加该行：~/.bash_profile）
    【解决方案4】：

    您需要增加允许打开的文件描述符的限制。

    最简单的方法是在~/.bash_profile 或~/.zshrc 中添加一行ulimit -n 65536。该行会将新会话的 ulimit 设置为 65536。

    【讨论】：

    • ulimit -n 65536 =&gt; ulimit: setrlimit failed: invalid argument
    • 下限有效：ulimit -n 24576（sysctl kern.maxfilesperproc 在 macOS 10.14.6 上报告的最高可能值）。
    【解决方案5】：

    另一种解决方案是清理tmp/cache

    重启电脑也有帮助

    【讨论】：

      【解决方案6】：

      就我而言，我错过了 HTML 中设置的 id。添加 id 立即修复它。

      【讨论】：

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