普通项目上的 RSpec MustBeConfiguredBeforeExampleGroupsError答案

【问题标题】：RSpec MustBeConfiguredBeforeExampleGroupsError on plain project普通项目上的 RSpec MustBeConfiguredBeforeExampleGroupsError
【发布时间】：2011-10-21 02:23:33
【问题描述】：

我正在设置一个 Rails 3.1 项目，并希望使用 RSpec 对其进行正确测试。

运行rails g rspec:install 并进一步运行rspec 后，控制台消息如下：

% rspec
/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:470:in `assert_no_example_groups_defined': RSpec's mock_framework configuration option must be configured before any example groups are defined, but you have already defined a group. (RSpec::Core::Configuration::MustBeConfiguredBeforeExampleGroupsError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:168:in `mock_framework='
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:142:in `mock_with'
    from /Users/ened/project/spec/controllers/../spec_helper.rb:19
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core.rb:71:in `configure'
    from /Users/ened/project/spec/controllers/../spec_helper.rb:11
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `require'
    from /Users/ened/project/spec/controllers/submissions_controller_spec.rb:1
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:234:in `load'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:234:in `load'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.1.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:234:in `load'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:459:in `load_spec_files'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:459:in `map'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:459:in `load_spec_files'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:18:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run_in_process'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:69:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.7.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:10:in `autorun'
    from /usr/bin/rspec:19

我的rspec/spec_helper.rb 看起来像这样：

# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'rspec/autorun'

# Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
# in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f}

RSpec.configure do |config|
  # == Mock Framework
  #
  # If you prefer to use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
  #
  # config.mock_with :mocha
  # config.mock_with :flexmock
  # config.mock_with :rr
  config.mock_with :rspec

  # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
  config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

  # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
  # examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false
  # instead of true.
  config.use_transactional_fixtures = true

  # If true, the base class of anonymous controllers will be inferred
  # automatically. This will be the default behavior in future versions of
  # rspec-rails.
  config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false
end

我认为它已经使用 config.mock_with 进行了配置？我很困惑，缺少什么？

【问题讨论】：

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-3 rspec2 rspec-rails

【解决方案1】：

我刚刚打了这个。事实证明，我的一些旧（大约 RSpec 1）规范具有以下要求声明：

require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../spec_helper')

大多数新规范都有这个要求声明：

require 'spec_helper'

我从不费心整理旧样式。这意味着 spec_helper.rb 文件名以两种不同的方式传递给 require：一种是完整路径，一种是本地路径。这反过来又导致 spec_helper.rb 被执行两次，从而触发了错误。将所有 require 语句更改为简短的新样式解决了该问题。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我刚刚为我的 Rails 应用解决了这个问题。

我的问题是两个规范文件缺少文件顶部的 require 'spec_helper' 行。

【讨论】：

奇怪的是，我使用的 6 台机器中只有 1 台出现此问题，并且所有机器都针对来自源代码控制的同一副本运行构建。
完全一样。原因是不同的操作系统以不同的顺序加载文件。这样，在某些机器上首先加载的好文件，但在其他一些机器上，第一个加载的规范是缺少“require”语句的那个......

【解决方案3】：

我遇到了同样的问题，我的根本原因是： spec/support 文件夹中存在一些规范文件！

例如

spec/support/xx_spec.rb

看起来像：

require 'spec_helper'
describe XX do 
...

在spec/spec_helper.rb文件中，有：

Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f}

这是一种“spec_helper”需要无限次递归的情况。

所以解决方法很简单：

从 spec/support 文件夹中删除所有 xx_spec.rb 文件。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

可能是Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f} 的问题。我已将它放在我的应用程序中的配置块下方并且它有效。

【讨论】：