Rspec，Factory Girl 使用 has_many 构建答案

【问题标题】：Rspec, Factory Girl build with has_manyRspec，Factory Girl 使用 has_many 构建
【发布时间】：2015-09-08 06:17:28
【问题描述】：

我有一个具有一对多关系的模型，它们是 Poll 和 Choice。

我如何正确测试它们，因为下面的代码导致ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:。我想在旅途中创建父 (Poll) 及其子 (Choices)，而不是先创建父 (Poll)，然后再保存子 (Choices)。

代码如下：

首先，我得到的所有测试用例的错误：

Failure/Error: @poll = FactoryGirl.build(:poll_with_choices, user: @user)
 ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
   Validation failed: Choices choices required at least 2

投票模型：

class Poll < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  has_many :choices
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :choices

  validates :title, presence: true
  validates_each :choices do |record, attr, value| 
    record.errors.add attr, "choices required at least 2" if record.choices.length < 2
  end
end

投票工厂：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :poll do
    title { FFaker::Lorem.phrase }
    description { FFaker::Lorem.sentences }
    user

    factory :poll_with_choices do  
      transient do 
        choices_count 3
      end

      after(:build) do |poll, evaluator|
        build_list(:choice, evaluator.choices_count)
      end
    end
  end
end

选择工厂：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :choice do
    label { FFaker::Name.name }
    votes 0
    poll
  end
end

投票规范

require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe Poll, type: :model do
  before do 
    @user = FactoryGirl.create(:user)
    @poll = FactoryGirl.build(:poll_with_choices, user: @user) 
  end

  subject { @poll }

  it { should respond_to(:title) }
  it { should respond_to(:description) }

  it { should validate_presence_of(:title) }

  it { should belong_to(:user) }
  it { should have_many(:choices) }
  it { should accept_nested_attributes_for(:choices) }

  describe "#save" do 
    before do 
      @user = FactoryGirl.create(:user)
    end

    it "success" do 
      poll = FactoryGirl.build(:poll_with_choices, user: @user)
      expect(poll.save).to eql true
    end

    it "fail" do 
      poll = FactoryGirl.build(:poll, user: @user)
      poll.choices = FactoryGirl.build_list(:choice, 1)
      expect(poll.save).to eql false
    end
  end
end

作为FactoryGirl.create的参考，不是 FactoryGirl.build：http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/factory_girl/file/GETTING_STARTED.md#Associations

谢谢，提前。

【问题讨论】：

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-4 rspec factory-bot rspec-rails

【解决方案1】：

最后我可以使用 FactoryGirl trait 和 attributes

这是poll工厂代码：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :poll do
    title { FFaker::Lorem.phrase }
    description { FFaker::Lorem.sentences }
    user
    choices_attributes { [FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice),     FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice)] }

    trait :with_many_choices do 
      choices_attributes { [
        FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), 
        FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), 
        FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice)
      ] }
    end

    trait :with_invalid_choices do 
      choices_attributes { [FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice),     FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice), FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice, label: '')] }
    end

    trait :with_lack_of_choices do 
      choices_attributes { [FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:choice)] }
    end

    trait :without_choices do 
      choices_attributes { [] }
    end
  end
end

参考资料（感谢）：

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

如果我没看错，你的工厂有错误：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :poll do
    title { FFaker::Lorem.phrase }
    description { FFaker::Lorem.sentences }
    user

    factory :poll_with_choices do  
      transient do 
        choices_count 3
      end

      after(:build) do |poll, evaluator|
        build_list(:choice, evaluator.choices_count, poll: poll)
      end
    end
  end
end

您需要将投票分配给选项，否则选项工厂将为每个选项创建一个投票。

【讨论】：

好的，我在您的代码中看到了问题。需要存在一个轮询对象，以便可以添加选择（您需要 id 来在选择中引用它） - 但是如果您在父对象存在之前验证依赖对象（选择）的存在，您正在调用问题并且需要像你一样使用奇怪的代码。您应该重新考虑验证策略。

【解决方案3】：

这就是我在我的案例中所做的：

FactoryBot.define do
  factory :store do
    sequence(:name) { |n| "Store #{n}" }
    association :user
    sellers_attributes [ FactoryBot.attributes_for(:seller) ]
  end
end

我不得不重构我的测试并重命名一些东西。

【讨论】：