C++ Ogre 运行时错误“断言失败”

Question

调试断言失败！

程序：...ments\Visual Studio 2013\Projects\OgreTest\Debug\OgreTest.exe
文件：f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\misc\dbgheap.c
线路：1424

表达式：_pFirstBlock == pHead

有关您的程序如何导致断言的信息
失败， 请参阅有关断言的 Visual C++ 文档。

（按重试调试应用程序）

这就是我尝试执行我的 Ogre 应用程序时得到的结果。源代码是 Ogre 教程框架的完整副本。我从 Ogre.log 中发现了很多可笑的异常。似乎所有错误都来自OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp 和OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp。接下来是一些第一批。我不能全部粘贴，因为大约有 1000 行这种废话。

17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource DualQuaternion.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: High-level program Ogre/DualQuaternionHardwareSkinningTwoWeightsCg encountered an error during loading and is thus not supported.
OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource DualQuaternion.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in DualQuaternion.program(14): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource DualQuaternion.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: High-level program Ogre/DualQuaternionHardwareSkinningTwoWeightsTwoPhaseCg encountered an error during loading and is thus not supported.
OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource DualQuaternion.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in DualQuaternion.program(28): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: Parsing script Examples.program
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource Example_Basic.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: High-level program Ogre/BasicVertexPrograms/AmbientOneTextureCg encountered an error during loading and is thus not supported.
OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource Example_Basic.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in Examples.program(16): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in Examples.program(17): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource Example_Basic.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: High-level program Ogre/HardwareSkinningFourWeights encountered an error during loading and is thus not supported.
OGRE EXCEPTION(6:FileNotFoundException): Cannot locate resource Example_Basic.cg in resource group Popular or any other group. in ResourceGroupManager::openResource at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreResourceGroupManager.cpp (line 756)
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in Examples.program(314): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in Examples.program(315): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)
17:55:32: Compiler error: invalid parameters in Examples.program(316): setting of constant failed
17:55:32: OGRE EXCEPTION(2:InvalidParametersException): Named constants have not been initialised, perhaps a compile error. in GpuProgramParameters::_findNamedConstantDefinition at ..\..\..\..\OgreMain\src\OgreGpuProgramParams.cpp (line 1709)

请注意，这些错误仅在使用 OpenGL 或 D3D9 渲染系统时出现。使用 D3D11 时，运行时错误不同：

OGRE EXCEPTION(3:RenderingAPIException)：尝试渲染到 D3D11 没有顶点和片段着色器的设备没有固定的 d3d11 中的管道 - 使用 RTSS 或编写自定义着色器。在 D3D11RenderSystem::_render at ..........\RenderSystems\Direct3D11\src\OgreD3D11RenderSystem.cpp （第 2496 行）

如果有必要，我可以粘贴更多信息。有人知道解决办法吗？

Answer 1

如果您混合发布版本和调试版本，通常会出现此错误。在 Ogre 的这种情况下，当您尝试使用调试构建 DLL 时，您的应用程序很可能是在发布模式下构建的。

您可以使用诸如Dependency Walker 之类的工具来检查在您的应用程序运行期间究竟加载了哪些 DLL。

另一个原因可能是您的 Ogre DLL 是由与实际应用程序不同的 IDE/编译器版本生成的。这通常会使它们二进制不兼容，从而导致崩溃。这可能是由于标准库的不同版本和相关的动态分配问题而发生的。如果您将 Ogre 库构建为“静态”，但使用动态依赖项（例如 OIS、插件等），这也是可能的。

关于日志中的错误：您似乎缺少一些导致这些日志条目的媒体文件（例如着色器）。

关于 D3D11：在该版本中，Microsoft 删除了 FFP（固定功能管道）。所以现在一切都是基于着色器的，这意味着你要么必须自己编写/提供这些，要么使用 Ogre 的集成着色器生成器 (RTTS)。