在 Ruby 中需要文件时获取“无效的多字节字符（US-ASCII）”答案

【问题标题】：Getting "Invalid multibyte char (US-ASCII)" when requiring file in Ruby在 Ruby 中需要文件时获取“无效的多字节字符（US-ASCII）”
【发布时间】：2016-04-04 07:20:07
【问题描述】：

这个问题已经添加了，但我的情况似乎有点不同。

机器： Windows Server 2012 Ruby： 版本 1.9.3 p484

我有我的主 ruby 文件 file1.rb:

module Sass::Script::Functions
  def dosome()
    # Doing some stuff
    begin
      success = require_relative 'myfile2.rb'
    rescue Exception => e
      puts "Error: #{e.message} - #{e.backtrace}!"
    end
  end
end

这是我的file2.rb：

my_var = 'Hello world!'

我收到此错误：

C:/myproject/file2.rb:1: 无效的多字节字符 (US-ASCII) ["C:/myproject/file1.rb:31:in require_relative'", "C:/myproject/file1.rb:31:indosome'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/script/tree/funcall.rb:139:in _perform'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/script/tree/node.rb:50:inperform'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:384:in visit_prop'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:in block in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:inblock in with_base'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:in with_frame'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:inwith_base'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:289:inblock (2 个级别) in visit_if'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:289:in map'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:289:inblock in visit_if'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:179:in with_environment'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:288:invisit_if'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:inblock in visit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:in block in with_base'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:inwith_frame'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:in with_base'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:491:in block (2 levels) in visit_directive'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:491:inmap'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:491:in block in visit_directive'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:179:inwith_environment'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:490:in visit_directive'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:in block in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:inblock in with_base'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:in with_frame'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:inwith_base'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:353:inblock (4 个级别) in visit_mixin'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:353:in map'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:353:inblock (3 个级别) in visit_mixin'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:179:in with_environment'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:353:inblock (2 个级别) in visit_mixin'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:84:in perform_arguments'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:348:inblock in visit_mixin'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:98:in block in with_mixin'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:inwith_frame'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:98:in with_mixin'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:336:invisit_mixin'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:inblock in visit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:in block in with_base'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:inwith_frame'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:in with_base'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:315:in block (2 levels) in visit_import'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:315:inmap'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:315:in block in visit_import'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:88:inblock in with_import'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:in with_frame'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:88:inwith_import'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:312:in visit_import'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:in block in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:inblock in with_base'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:in with_frame'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:inwith_base'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:315:inblock (2 个级别) in visit_import'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:315:in map'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:315:inblock in visit_import'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:88:in block in with_import'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:inwith_frame'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:88:in with_import'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:312:invisit_import'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:inblock in visit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:in block in with_base'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:115:inwith_frame'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/stack.rb:79:in with_base'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:158:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:52:in block in visit_children'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:52:inmap'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:52:in visit_children'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:167:inblock in visit_children'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:179:in with_environment'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:166:invisit_children'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:in block in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:186:invisit_root'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/base.rb:36:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:157:invisit'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/visitors/perform.rb:8:in visit'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/root_node.rb:36:incss_tree'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/tree/root_node.rb:29:in render_with_sourcemap'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/engine.rb:368:in_render_with_sourcemap'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/engine.rb:285:in render_with_sourcemap'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/plugin/compiler.rb:490:inupdate_stylesheet'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/plugin/compiler.rb:215:in block in update_stylesheets'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/plugin/compiler.rb:209:ineach'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/plugin/compiler.rb:209:in update_stylesheets'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/plugin.rb:82:inupdate_stylesheets'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/exec/sass_scss.rb:350:in watch_or_update'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/exec/sass_scss.rb:50:inprocess_result'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/exec/base.rb:52:in parse'", "C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/lib/sass/exec/base.rb:19:inparse!'", “C:/tools/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/sass-3.4.9/bin/scss:13:in <top (required)>'", "C:/myproject/scss:23:inload'", "C:/myproject/scss:23:in `'"]

即使file2.rb 里面没有文本，而且如果我将# coding: utf-8 添加为file1.rb 和file2.rb 的第一行，我也会得到这个！

我做错了什么？如何成功要求/导入file2.rb？

SASS

如您所见，这里涉及到一些 SASS。我不知道这是否相关。我执行脚本的方式实际上是调用 SASS 编译器，该编译器将对一些 .scss 文件进行操作。在我的一个样式表中，我引用了 dosome 函数，这就是调用该函数的方式。

【问题讨论】：

我应用了一些编辑。原始文件名不同。我必须提取最重要的逻辑，因为原始文件非常大，将它们全部粘贴在这里是没有意义的
您能否制作一个显示此行为的最小程序，例如：一个包含仅 require_relative 而没有其他内容的程序？
使用十六进制编辑器查看 file1.rb 可能也是值得的。也许你的代码中有一些奇怪的字符，只是没有显示出来。
@user1934428：我试试看！
和以前一样的问题:(

标签： ruby sass rubygems

【解决方案1】：

这似乎是一个编码问题。尝试添加：

# encoding: utf-8

在脚本的开头。

如果可行，您可以删除注释，并设置两个环境变量运行：

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

应该为编译器添加正确的标签。

但是，您使用的是哪个版本的 ruby？从 Ruby 2.0 开始就不需要这些东西了，因为 UTF-8 会自动检测到。

【讨论】：

我在问题开头写了ruby的版本。另外我已经写过我尝试过你的方法 dvxam ... :)
@dvxam：我同意这应该是一个编码问题，但如果 Ruby 真的相信字符串的编码是 US-ASCII，它怎么能抱怨“多字节”字符呢？ US-ASCII 中没有这样的东西，我原以为每个字节都会被简单地解释为“原样”。当然你会在输出中得到垃圾字符，但我不希望出现错误消息。
@user1934428：该错误消息措辞不当。这基本上意味着 Ruby 遇到了一个值 >127 的字符，如果这个是 UTF-8 将是多字节序列的一部分。更好的措辞只是“无效字符（US-ASCII）”，没有“多字节”。