pg gem 找不到本机扩展——使用 Homebrew 安装的 PostgreSQL答案

【问题标题】：pg gem can't find native extensions -- PostgreSQL installed using Homebrewpg gem 找不到本机扩展——使用 Homebrew 安装的 PostgreSQL
【发布时间】：2012-10-02 12:55:15
【问题描述】：

我使用的是 Mac OS X 10.8.2，我在几个小时前重新安装了它，对随后出现的问题感到沮丧。

我已经安装了 Homebrew，当我运行 brew doctor 时，它会显示 Your system is raring to brew。

我有带有命令行实用程序的最新 Xcode。

我已经使用 Homebrew 安装了 PostgreSQL。

steven$ ls /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1
COPYRIGHT           README              homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist  lib
INSTALL_RECEIPT.json        bin             include             share

steven$ psql --version
psql (PostgreSQL) 9.2.1
iMac-001EC20A3C44-5:9.2.1 steven$ which psql
/usr/local/bin/psql

我有一个 Rail 应用程序，其 Gemfile 中有 gem 'pg'，但我无法安装 gem：

steven$ bundle install
Fetching source index for http://rubygems.org/
Installing pg (0.14.1) with native extensions /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/installer.rb:482:in `build_extensions': ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. (Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError)

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-pg-config=/usr/pgsql-9.1/bin/pg_config
Using config values from /usr/pgsql-9.1/bin/pg_config
sh: /usr/pgsql-9.1/bin/pg_config: No such file or directory
sh: /usr/pgsql-9.1/bin/pg_config: No such file or directory
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -llibpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

好像在找pg_config和libpq，很容易找到：

steven$ ls /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin
...     pg_config       ...
steven$ ls /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include
...     libpq           ...

所以我尝试了所有我能想到的配置选项，但没有一个工作：

steven$ sudo gem install pg -- --with-pg-config="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin"
Password:
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin
Using config values from /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin
sh: /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin: is a directory
sh: /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin: is a directory
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -llibpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --with-pqlib
    --without-pqlib
    --with-libpqlib
    --without-libpqlib
    --with-ms/libpqlib
    --without-ms/libpqlib

steven$ sudo gem install pg -- --with-pg-config="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin" --with-libpqlib="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include"
Password:
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin --with-libpqlib=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include
Using config values from /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin
sh: /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin: is a directory
sh: /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin: is a directory
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -l/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --with-pqlib
    --without-pqlib
    --with-libpqlib
    --with-ms/libpqlib
    --without-ms/libpqlib

steven$ sudo gem install pg --with-pg-config="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin" --with-libpqlib="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include"
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (OptionParser::InvalidOption)
    invalid option: --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin

steven$ sudo gem install pg --with-pg-config="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/" --with-libpqlib="/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include/"
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (OptionParser::InvalidOption)
    invalid option: --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/

steven$ sudo gem install pg --with-pg-config='/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/' --with-libpqlib='/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include/'
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (OptionParser::InvalidOption)
    invalid option: --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/

steven$ sudo gem install pg -- --with-pg-config='/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/' --with-libpqlib='/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include/'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/ --with-libpqlib=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include/
Using config values from /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/
sh: /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/: is a directory
sh: /usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/: is a directory
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -l/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include/... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --with-pqlib
    --without-pqlib
    --with-libpqlib
    --with-ms/libpqlib
    --without-ms/libpqlib

steven$ sudo gem install pg --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/ --with-libpqlib=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/include
ERROR:  While executing gem ... (OptionParser::InvalidOption)
    invalid option: --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/
iMac-001EC20A3C44-5:testivate steven$ sudo gem install pg --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/pg_config

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (OptionParser::InvalidOption)
    invalid option: --with-pg-config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.2.1/bin/pg_config

我该怎么办？

【问题讨论】：

标签： macos postgresql bundler homebrew

【解决方案1】：

仅供参考，我最终通过卸载从 PostgreSQL 和 pg gem 一直到 Bundler、Homebrew 甚至 RVM 的所有内容来解决这个问题，然后一次又一次地安装每一块。可能我删除的内容超出了我必须删除的内容，但是一旦我将它们重新组合在一起，一切都会正常工作。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我不知道这是否对其他人有帮助，但我在这里遇到了完全相同的问题，PG gem 没有编译。我的应用程序在 Heroku 上运行，在本地我使用 RVM、Homebrew，但对于 Postgres，我使用的是 Postgresapp.com

我还使用 JewerlyBox 为我提供了一个围绕 RVM 的漂亮 GUI 包装器。我将我的 Ruby 1.9.3-p194 与 1.9.3-p286 进行了比较，发现我已将 286 设置为通用。我对卸载所有东西犹豫不决，所以我只是卸载了 Ruby 并重新安装了仅设置为 64 位的选项（平台：“x86_64-darwin12.2.0”）。

使用此选项重新安装 Ruby 后，PG gem 安装顺利，我又恢复了快乐。希望这对某人有所帮助。

【讨论】：