MySQLClient 不会通过 pip 在最新版本的 Big Sur 的 Macbook Pro M1 上安装

Question

我刚刚购买了一台带有 M1 芯片的新 Macbook Pro，并确保 Homebrew 可以在其上本地运行。我可以 pip 安装除 mysqlclient 之外的任何其他库，并且通过自制软件安装它没有问题，所以我从下面的错误消息中想知道，这是 mysqlclient 没有针对最新版本的 Big 更新的问题吗Sur，或者这是新 Mac 本身的问题？只要知道这对我来说将是一个很好的开始，如果您对如何解决它有建议，那就更好了！谢谢！

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/danieljonathanschaefer/Desktop/work/401GOVE/bin/python3 -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-install-bifqtsix/mysqlclient_6f9d0caea513420ea2052d60956aab6d/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-install-bifqtsix/mysqlclient_6f9d0caea513420ea2052d60956aab6d/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-record-ukcglom_/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/danieljonathanschaefer/Desktop/work/401GOVE/include/site/python3.9/mysqlclient
         cwd: /private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-install-bifqtsix/mysqlclient_6f9d0caea513420ea2052d60956aab6d/
    Complete output (43 lines):
    mysql_config --version
    ['8.0.25']
    mysql_config --libs
    ['-L/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/lib', '-lmysqlclient', '-lz', '-lzstd', '-lssl', '-lcrypto', '-lresolv']
    mysql_config --cflags
    ['-I/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/include/mysql']
    ext_options:
      library_dirs: ['/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/lib']
      libraries: ['mysqlclient', 'zstd', 'resolv']
      extra_compile_args: ['-std=c99']
      extra_link_args: []
      include_dirs: ['/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/include/mysql']
      extra_objects: []
      define_macros: [('version_info', "(2,0,3,'final',0)"), ('__version__', '2.0.3')]
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@1.1/include -Dversion_info=(2,0,3,'final',0) -D__version__=2.0.3 -I/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/include/mysql -I/Users/danieljonathanschaefer/Desktop/work/401GOVE/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9 -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -std=c99
    gcc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch x86_64 -g -L/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@1.1/lib -I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@1.1/include build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -L/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/lib -lmysqlclient -lzstd -lresolv -o build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.9/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-39-darwin.so
    ld: library not found for -lzstd
    clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
    error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/danieljonathanschaefer/Desktop/work/401GOVE/bin/python3 -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-install-bifqtsix/mysqlclient_6f9d0caea513420ea2052d60956aab6d/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-install-bifqtsix/mysqlclient_6f9d0caea513420ea2052d60956aab6d/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/ht/p0kw7_d11ns61kqmpmfcy6b40000gn/T/pip-record-ukcglom_/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/danieljonathanschaefer/Desktop/work/401GOVE/include/site/python3.9/mysqlclient Check the logs for full command output.

Answer 1

我在带有 M1 芯片的 Mac Pro 中遇到了同样的问题，然后我使用 brew install zstd 安装 zstd 然后安装 mysqlclint CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix)/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix)/lib" pip install mysqlclient

来源：https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient/issues/497

Answer 2

我遇到了同样的问题，我找到了这个命令，

brew install mysql-client

来源：https://doesitarm.com/formula/mysql-client/

Answer 3

是的，当我尝试在运行 Monterey 12.0.1 和 Apple Silicon M1 芯片的 MacBook Pro 2021 上执行 pip install mysqlclient 时遇到了同样的问题。

我使用了 Github 用户 jcbloch 在链接 https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient/issues/496 的讨论中找到的解决方案，这是我在阅读了我在 sathira lamal 的 answer 中找到的 https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient/issues/497 链接后发现的。

我从阅读 jcbloch 的解释中了解到，问题在于当前带有 Monterey 12.0.1 的 MacBook Pro 2021 附带的 Python。该 Python 是为 x86_64 架构构建的。然而，mysqlclient 库有一个可用的 arm64 版本，如果您执行brew install mysql-client 之类的操作，默认情况下将获得该版本。

使用file 命令显示问题：

$ file /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python: Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64

上面的文字显示python是x86_64。

$ file /opt/homebrew/opt/mysql-client/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib 
/opt/homebrew/opt/mysql-client/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib: Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library arm64

上面的文字显示libmysqlclient.21.dylib是arm64。

为了解决这个问题，Github 用户 jcbloch 创建了一个替代的 Homebrew 安装，它设置为使用 x86_64 架构，使用它来安装 MySQL 客户端库的 x86_64 版本，然后在将 MySQL 客户端安装到 Python 时使用该库通过pip.

这是我必须做的，这与 jcbloch 建议的基本相同。

不同的是，我确保包括卸载任何 mysqlclient python 包并删除所有缓存的 pip 库，这样您就不会再次重新安装缓存的错误包。而且，我最终得到了比 jcbloch 稍晚版本的 MySQL 客户端。而且，我必须包含一个 LDFLAGS 变量来指向 x86_64 openssl 库。

在执行这些命令之前，请务必仔细检查以下所有路径。因为我在上一个命令中复制并粘贴了错误版本的 mysql 库，所以我出轨了好几个小时。

cd /opt
mkdir homebrew-x86 
curl -L https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/tarball/master | tar xz --strip 1 -C homebrew-x86
arch -x86_64 homebrew-x86/bin/brew install mysql-client@5.7
rm -rf ~/Library/Caches/pip
pip uninstall mysqlclient
export PATH="/opt/homebrew-x86/opt/mysql-client@5.7/bin:$PATH"
CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew-x86/opt/openssl@1.1/include" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew-x86/opt/openssl@1.1/lib" MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew-x86/Cellar/mysql-client@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql" MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew-x86/Cellar/mysql-client@5.7/5.7.32/lib -lmysqlclient" arch -x86_64 pip install -I -vvv mysqlclient

然后，再次按照 jcbloch 的建议，我通过检查 mysql_affected_rows 符号是否存在来验证安装。我猜这个符号只存在于x86_64架构版本的MySQL客户端中。

$ sudo symbols homebrew-x86/Cellar/mysql-client@5.7/5.7.34/lib/libmysqlclient.dylib -arch x86_64 | grep mysql_affected_rows
       0x0000000000003fe7 (     0xd) mysql_affected_rows [FUNC, EXT, NameNList, MangledNameNList, Merged, NList, FunctionStarts]

Answer 4

看看这个link

我使用的是 M1 Macbook，我遇到了同样的问题 我使用 django 4.0.1 和 python 3.10 用 PyMySQL 解决了这个问题