为什么我的 Rails 2 ActionMailer 会间歇性地失败？

Question

我相对缺乏经验，正在尝试维护一个使用 Rails 2.3.X 和 Ruby 1.8.7 构建的 Web 应用程序。使用该应用程序创建帐户的用户应该会收到一封带有“激活”链接的自动电子邮件，这是他们确认他们实际上可以访问他们想要注册的电子邮件地址的方式。

我发现我的一些（但不是全部）用户收到了这封激活电子邮件。当他们没有在收件箱中收到电子邮件时，该电子邮件也不会出现在他们的垃圾邮件文件夹中。

我怀疑问题与电子邮件的格式有关；也许一些电子邮件提供商不喜欢这种格式并自动过滤它。

我不确定我需要提供什么信息来调查原因，但这里有一些我认为有意义的地方：

Web 表单（用户可以请求新的激活链接）

<h3>Resend activation link?</h3>
<form action="/send_activation" method="post">
    <input name="authenticity_token" type="hidden" value="<%= form_authenticity_token %>" />
    <p class="field">
    <label for="user_email">Email Address</label>
    <input class="login" id="user_email" name="user[email]" size="45" type="text" />
    </p>
    <div class="clear"></div>  
    <input name="commit" type="submit" value="submit" />
</form>

sessions_controller.rb

def send_activation
  return unless request.post?
  @title = "Send Activation Link"
  @user = User.find_by_email(params[:user][:email])
  if @user && @user.activated_at.blank?
      UserMailer.deliver_signup_notification(@user)
      redirect_to login_url
      flash[:notice] = "Activation link sent." 
  else
      flash[:notice] = "Could not find your email address. Try another." 
  end
end

user_mailer.rb

class UserMailer < ActionMailer::Base

def activation(user)
setup_email(user)
@subject    += 'Your account has been activated!'
@body[:url]  = "http://MYWEBSITE/"
end

integral_mailer.rb

module IntegralMailer
  def perform_delivery_integral_mailer(mail)
    destinations = mail.destinations
    mail.ready_to_send

    helo = smtp_settings[:helo] || "localhost.localdomain"

    ActionMailer::Base::INTEGRAL_MAILER_SERVER.send_mail(helo, mail.from, destinations, mail.encoded)
  end
end

integral_mailer_server.rb

require 'net/smtp'
require 'logger'
require 'fileutils'
require 'mx_lookup'

class IntegralMailerServer
  include FileUtils

  def self.reloadable?; false; end

  def initialize(opts={})
    @times_to_try_busy_host = opts[:times_to_try_busy_host] || 2
    initialize_log( (opts[:age_log_file] || 'daily'), opts[:log_path] )
  end

  def send_mail(helo_domain, from_email, destination_emails, data)
    t = Thread.new do
      destination_emails.each do |dest_email|

        mx_records = MXLookup.for_email(dest_email)

        mx_records.each do |mx_record|
          begin
            do_delivery(mx_record[:host], helo_domain, data, from_email, dest_email) and break
          rescue Net::SMTPFatalError => e
            log_fatal_delivery(dest_email, mx_record[:host], e.message) and break
          rescue Net::SMTPServerBusy => e
            log_delayed_delivery(dest_email, mx_record[:host], e.message)
            # there has to be a better method to use for this
            unless (mx_records.find_all { |r| r == mx_record }).size >= @times_to_try_busy_host
              mx_records << mx_record
            else
              log_fatal_delivery(dest_email, mx_record[:host], e.message)
            end
          rescue => e
            if mx_records.last == mx_record
              log_fatal_delivery(dest_email, mx_record[:host], e.message)
            else
              log_delayed_delivery(dest_email, mx_record[:host], e.message)
            end
          end
        end # mx_records.each

      end # destination_emails.each
    end # Thread.new 
  end # send_mail

  private

  def do_delivery(host, helo, data, from_email, dest_email)
    Net::SMTP.start(host, 25, helo) do |smtp|
      smtp.send_message data, from_email, dest_email
      log_successful_delivery(dest_email, host)
    end; true
  end

  def log_delayed_delivery(email, host, reason)
    msg =  "Message NOT sent to #{email} via #{host}\n  --> #{reason.strip}\n" +
           "  --> However, I'm not giving up just yet."
    @log.warn(msg); msg
  end

  def log_fatal_delivery(email, host, reason)
    msg = "Message NOT sent to #{email} via #{host}\n  --> #{reason.strip}\n" +
          "  --> I'm giving up delivery of this message."
    @log.fatal(msg); msg
  end

  def log_successful_delivery(email, host)
    msg = "Message sent to #{email} via #{host}"
    @log.info(msg); msg
  end

  def initialize_log(age_log_file='daily', log_path=nil)
    if log_path
      @log = Logger.new(log_path, age_log_file)
    else
      if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
        @log = Logger.new("#{RAILS_ROOT}/log/integral_mailer.log", age_log_file) rescue Logger.new(STDOUT)
      else
        @log = Logger.new(STDOUT)
      end
    end
    @log.info "Initializing"
  end
end

Answer 1

最初我会确认每次都发送电子邮件。您是否有显示发送成功但用户报告为失败的 LOG 副本？

所以在发送命令到变量之后某种形式的成功计数，还将电子邮件抄送给自己/虚拟帐户以供检查。隔离收据问题并追溯检查抬头。

将程序分解为您可以确认的步骤，而不是发送电子邮件，将文件写入服务器并检查其内容和格式。

你需要成功的例子和失败的例子，除非你有一份“丢失”的电子邮件副本，否则测试电子邮件充其量是困难的。

我已经成功地将 ActionMailer 与外部代理代理一起使用，考虑转移到这里吗？设置代理后，它更简单、更有弹性。

你也有邮件内容的记录吗？