Capistrano Rails 部署乘客错误答案

【问题标题】：Capistrano Rails deploy Passenger errorCapistrano Rails 部署乘客错误
【发布时间】：2016-05-31 11:09:32
【问题描述】：

我将我的 Rails 应用程序部署到我的本地 IP 地址。部署成功后，当我在浏览器中打开页面时，出现以下错误。一段时间以来，我一直被以下问题困扰。

It looks like Bundler could not find a gem. Maybe you didn't install all the gems that this application needs. To install your gems, please run:

    bundle install

If that didn't work, then the problem is probably caused by your application being run under a different environment than it's supposed to. Please check the following:

Is this app supposed to be run as the deploy user?
Is this app being run on the correct Ruby interpreter? Below you will see which Ruby interpreter Phusion Passenger attempted to use.
-------- The exception is as follows: -------

Could not find rake-10.4.2 in any of the sources (Bundler::GemNotFound)
  /home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2/gems/bundler-1.12.5/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:95:in `block in materialize'
  /home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2/gems/bundler-1.12.5/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:88:in `map!'
  ...

我验证了this stackoverflow link 并尝试了以下操作。

我以deploy 用户的身份多次使用bundle install。

我安装了 2 个版本的 rake，11.1.2 和 10.4.2。我清除了11.1.2。确保此版本不存在。

我看到了 2 个 ruby 版本。 1.9.3 和 2.2.2。不确定这是否是问题所在。我没有手动安装 1.9.3。但我看到文件夹/usr/local/src/ruby-1.9.3-p448 和/opt/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448。当我尝试使用 sudo apt-get remove ruby 1.9.3 删除 1.9.3 时，我得到了以下结果。最后，我没有删除它，因为它试图删除 passenger 本身。

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'libghc-hxt-xslt-dev-9.1.1-9b3da' for regex '1.9.3'
Note, selecting 'ruby1.9.3' for regex '1.9.3'
Note, selecting 'libghc-hxt-xslt-prof-9.1.1-9b3da' for regex '1.9.3'
Note, selecting 'libghc-hxt-xslt-dev' instead of 'libghc-hxt-xslt-dev-9.1.1-9b3da'
Note, selecting 'libghc-hxt-xslt-prof' instead of 'libghc-hxt-xslt-prof-9.1.1-9b3da'
Package 'ruby1.9.3' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages will be REMOVED
  libruby2.1 passenger passenger-dev ri ruby ruby-dev ruby-full ruby-rack ruby2.1 ruby2.1-dev

感谢任何与此问题相关的帮助。

编辑：我仍然看到与 rake 11.1.2 相关的文件

/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/rake-11.1.2.gem
/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/ruby/2.2.0/specifications/rake-11.1.2.gemspec
/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/ruby/2.2.0/cache/rake-11.1.2.gem
/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/ruby/2.2.0/gems/rake-11.1.2
/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/ruby/2.1.0/specifications/rake-11.1.2.gemspec
/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/ruby/2.1.0/cache/rake-11.1.2.gem
/home/deploy/myapp/vendor/cache/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rake-11.1.2
/home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2/doc/rake-11.1.2
/home/deploy/.gem/specs/api.rubygems.org%443/quick/Marshal.4.8/rake-11.1.2.gemspec
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/doc/rake-11.1.2

这可能是问题吗？

我在下面分享 Ruby 环境的详细信息。

RubyGems Environment:
   RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.4.5
   RUBY VERSION: 2.2.2 (2015-04-13 patchlevel 95) [x86_64-linux]
   INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2
   RUBY EXECUTABLE: /opt/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/bin/ruby
   EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2/bin
   SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /home/deploy/.gem/specs
   SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /opt/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/etc
   RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
     ruby
     x86_64-linux
   GEM PATHS:
     /home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2
     /opt/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0
   GEM CONFIGURATION:
     :update_sources => true
     :verbose => true
     :backtrace => false
     :bulk_threshold => 1000
   REMOTE SOURCES:
     https://rubygems.org/
   SHELL PATH:
     /home/deploy/.gem/ruby/2.2.2/bin
     /opt/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/bin
     /opt/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/bin
     /usr/local/sbin
     /usr/local/bin
     /usr/sbin
     /usr/bin
     /sbin
     /bin
     /usr/games
     /usr/local/games

Nginx conf文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf如下。

user www-data;
worker_processes 4;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 768;
    # multi_accept on;
}

http {

    ##
    # Basic Settings
    ##

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    # server_tokens off;

    # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
    # server_name_in_redirect off;

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    ##
    # SSL Settings
    ##

    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    ##
    # Logging Settings
    ##

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

    ##
    # Gzip Settings
    ##

    gzip on;
    gzip_disable "msie6";

    # gzip_vary on;
    # gzip_proxied any;
    # gzip_comp_level 6;
    # gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    # gzip_http_version 1.1;
    # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

    ##
    # Phusion Passenger config
    ##
    # Uncomment it if you installed passenger or passenger-enterprise
    ##

    passenger_root /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/locations.ini;
    passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby;

    ##
    # Virtual Host Configs
    ##

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}

启用 Nginx 站点的默认文件

server {
    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

    server_name 192.xxx.xxx.xxx;
    passenger_enabled on;
    rails_env    prelive;
    root         /home/deploy/myapp/current/public;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }
}

【问题讨论】：

你是如何启动 Rails 服务器的？
@emaillenin 对于乘客来说是不需要的。
不..我的环境被称为prelive。它指向我的IP地址。所以我在做cap prelive deploy
@PhilipJohn 请分享 nginx 配置。还提供有关 ruby env 的信息。例如版本管理器，gem env 命令。
@Зелёный 更新了 nginx conf 和 ruby env 细节

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby capistrano passenger bundle-install

【解决方案1】：

嗯，我做了以下三个步骤，它开始工作了。这些来自Зелёный 的cmets。似乎我必须重新启动机器或其他东西才能反映更改。我不确定。

检查/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 并确保passenger_ruby 的值与which ruby 命令的输出相同
通过执行rake --version 检查rake 版本是否为10.4.2。否则清除所有 rake 并安装 rake 10.4.2
bundle install

做完这些，我重启了机器，做了cap prelive deploy，应用就起来了。

【讨论】：