【发布时间】:2016-02-13 03:33:16
【问题描述】:
给定以下ActiveModel::Serializer 类:
class SampleSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name
end
如何使用RSpec 进行测试?
【问题讨论】:
标签: ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-4 rspec active-model-serializers
给定以下ActiveModel::Serializer 类:
class SampleSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name
end
如何使用RSpec 进行测试?
【问题讨论】:
标签: ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-4 rspec active-model-serializers
此答案假定您已安装并配置了 rspec-rails、active_model_serializers 和 factory_girl_rails gem。
此答案还假设您已经为 Sample 资源定义了一个工厂。
对于撰写本文时active_model_serializers 的当前版本(0.10.0.rc3),ActiveModel::Serializer 类不接收to_json,而是包装在适配器类中。要获得封装在序列化器实例中的模型的序列化,必须创建一个适配器实例:
before(:each) do
# Create an instance of the model
@sample = FactoryGirl.build(:sample)
# Create a serializer instance
@serializer = SampleSerializer.new(@sample)
# Create a serialization based on the configured adapter
@serialization = ActiveModelSerializers::Adapter.create(@serializer)
end
适配器实例接收to_json方法并返回模型的序列化。
subject { JSON.parse(@serialization.to_json) }
然后可以对返回的 JSON 运行期望。
it 'should have a name that matches' do
expect(subject['name']).to eql(@sample.name)
end
解析 JSON 响应时,必须考虑适配器配置:
默认配置 :attributes 生成一个没有根键的 JSON 响应:
subject { JSON.parse(@serialization.to_json) }
:json 配置根据模型名称生成带有根键的 JSON 响应:
subject { JSON.parse(@serialization.to_json)['sample'] }
:json_api 配置生成符合jsonapi 标准的 JSON:
subject { JSON.parse(@serialization.to_json)['data']['attributes'] }
【讨论】:
使用active_model_serializers 时,有一个更简单的方法,只需在序列化程序上调用serializable_hash:
it 'should include a correct name' do
sample = FactoryBot.create(:sample)
serializer = SampleSerializer.new(sample)
expect(serializer.serializable_hash[:name]).to eq 'Heisenberg'
end
【讨论】:
@gnerkus 的回答有助于指导我自己的实现,但我选择了不同的方法。测试ActiveModel::Serializer 的返回值,其中序列化程序没有进行额外的处理,似乎是在测试特定键的存在以及ActiveModel::Serializer 是否工作。为了避免测试ActiveModel::Serializer 而是测试特定键是否存在,下面是我测试给定序列化程序的方法:
describe SampleSerializer do
subject { SampleSerializer.new(sample) }
it "includes the expected attributes" do
expect(subject.attributes.keys).
to contain_exactly(
:sample_key,
:another_sample_key
)
end
def sample
@sample ||= build(:sample)
end
end
注意contain_exactly 的使用:这确保除了您指定的键之外没有其他键存在。如果包含意外属性,使用include 将导致测试不会失败。当您更新属性但无法更新测试时,这可以很好地扩展,因为测试会引发错误并迫使您保持所有内容都是最新的。
仅当您想要测试已添加到给定序列化程序的自定义方法时才测试键的例外情况,在这种情况下,我强烈建议为受该方法影响的返回值编写测试。
为了测试关系,您需要对序列化程序进行更多设置。对于简单的序列化程序,我避免使用此设置,但此修改后的设置将帮助您测试链接、关系等是否存在。
describe SampleSerializer do
subject do
ActiveModelSerializers::Adapter.create(sample_serializer)
end
it "includes the expected attributes" do
expect(subject_json(subject)["data"]["attributes"].keys).
to contain_exactly(
"date"
)
end
it "includes the related Resources" do
expect(subject_json(subject)["data"]["relationships"].keys).
to contain_exactly(
"other-resources"
)
end
def subject_json(subject)
JSON.parse(subject.to_json)
end
def sample_resource
@sample_resource ||= build(:sample_resource)
end
def sample_serializer
@sample_serializer ||=
SampleSerializer.new(sample_resource)
end
end
【讨论】:
示例:您可以编写这种现代风格。
类别序列化器:
class CategorySerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name
end
RSpec:
require 'rails_helper'
RSpec.describe CategorySerializer, type: :serializer do
let(:category) { FactoryGirl.build(:category) }
let(:serializer) { described_class.new(category) }
let(:serialization) { ActiveModelSerializers::Adapter.create(serializer) }
let(:subject) { JSON.parse(serialization.to_json) }
it 'has an id that matches' do
expect(subject['id']).to eql(category.id)
end
it 'has a name that matches' do
expect(subject['name']).to eql(category.name)
end
end
【讨论】:
let(:serializer) { described_class.new(category, scope: user, scope_name: :current_user) }
你可以使用
subject { described_class.new(user).serializable_hash } 创建序列化对象。
下面是我的例子
用户序列化器:
# frozen_string_literal: true
class UserSerializer < ApplicationSerializer
attributes :first_name, :last_name, :verification, :avatar_url, :state, :payin_ability
end
Rspec
# frozen_string_literal: true
RSpec.describe UserSerializer, type: :serializer do
let(:user) { create(:user) }
describe '.serializable_hash' do
subject { described_class.new(user).serializable_hash }
it { expect(subject).to include(:first_name, :last_name, :verification, :avatar_url, :state, :payin_ability) }
it 'returns correct keys and values' do
expect(subject).to include(
first_name: be_a(String),
last_name: be_a(String),
verification: be_a(String),
avatar_url: (be_a(String).or be_nil),
state: be_kind_of(String),
payin_ability: (be(true).or be(false)),
)
end
end
end
【讨论】: