您可以使用以下例程,将决策树直接转换为 GraphViz 点语言(然后使用 GraphViz 绘制它 - 需要之前安装的 GraphViz (http://www.graphviz.org/))。
编辑: 版本 2 包含在下文中,它能够处理多分支树(版本 1 可以处理只有两个拆分的树)。 2.2 版更正了缺失的初始化。
R 中的调用示例:
library(C50)
data(churn)
treeModel <- C5.0(x = churnTrain[, -20], y = churnTrain$churn)
C5.0.graphviz(treeModel, 'C:\\mydotfile.txt')
然后从操作系统(操作系统,例如 Windows 命令提示符):
dot -Tpng 'C:\mydotfile.txt' > 'C:\mygraph.png'
然后您可以将 mygraph.png 文件作为 PNG(位图)打开并在您的应用程序中使用。
更多详情,请看原文:http://r-project-thanos.blogspot.de/2014/09/plot-c50-decision-trees-in-r.html
C5.0.graphviz <- function( C5.0.model, filename, fontname ='Arial',
col.draw ='black',col.font ='blue',col.conclusion ='lightpink',
col.question = 'grey78', shape.conclusion ='box3d',shape.question ='diamond',
bool.substitute = 'None', prefix=FALSE, vertical=TRUE ) {
library(cwhmisc)
library(stringr)
treeout <- C5.0.model$output
treeout<- substr(treeout, cpos(treeout, 'Decision tree:', start=1)+14,nchar(treeout))
treeout<- substr(treeout, 1,cpos(treeout, 'Evaluation on training data', start=1)-2)
variables <- data.frame(matrix(nrow=500, ncol=4))
names(variables) <- c('SYMBOL','TOKEN', 'TYPE' , 'QUERY')
connectors <- data.frame(matrix(nrow=500, ncol=3))
names(connectors) <- c('TOKEN', 'START','END')
theStack <- data.frame(matrix(nrow=500, ncol=1))
names(theStack) <- c('ITEM')
theStackIndex <- 1
currentvar <- 1
currentcon <- 1
open_connection <- TRUE
previousindent <- -1
firstindent <- 4
substitutes <- data.frame(None=c('= 0','= 1'), yesno=c('no','yes'),
truefalse=c('false', 'true'),TF=c('F','T'))
dtreestring<-unlist( scan(text= treeout, sep='\n', what =list('character')))
for (linecount in c(1:length(dtreestring))) {
lineindent<-0
shortstring <- str_trim(dtreestring[linecount], side='left')
leadingspaces <- nchar(dtreestring[linecount]) - nchar(shortstring)
lineindent <- leadingspaces/4
dtreestring[linecount]<-str_trim(dtreestring[linecount], side='left')
while (!is.na(cpos(dtreestring[linecount], ': ', start=1)) ) {
lineindent<-lineindent + 1
dtreestring[linecount]<-substr(dtreestring[linecount],
ifelse(is.na(cpos(dtreestring[linecount], ': ', start=1)), 1,
cpos(dtreestring[linecount], ': ', start=1)+4),
nchar(dtreestring[linecount]) )
shortstring <- str_trim(dtreestring[linecount], side='left')
leadingspaces <- nchar(dtreestring[linecount]) - nchar(shortstring)
lineindent <- lineindent + leadingspaces/4
dtreestring[linecount]<-str_trim(dtreestring[linecount], side='left')
}
if (!is.na(cpos(dtreestring[linecount], ':...', start=1)))
lineindent<- lineindent + 1
dtreestring[linecount]<-substr(dtreestring[linecount],
ifelse(is.na(cpos(dtreestring[linecount], ':...', start=1)), 1,
cpos(dtreestring[linecount], ':...', start=1)+4),
nchar(dtreestring[linecount]) )
dtreestring[linecount]<-str_trim(dtreestring[linecount])
stringlist <- strsplit(dtreestring[linecount],'\\:')
stringpart <- strsplit(unlist(stringlist)[1],'\\s')
if (open_connection==TRUE) {
variables[currentvar,'TOKEN'] <- unlist(stringpart)[1]
variables[currentvar,'SYMBOL'] <- paste('node',as.character(currentvar), sep='')
variables[currentvar,'TYPE'] <- shape.question
variables[currentvar,'QUERY'] <- 1
theStack[theStackIndex,'ITEM']<-variables[currentvar,'SYMBOL']
theStack[theStackIndex,'INDENT'] <-firstindent
theStackIndex<-theStackIndex+1
currentvar <- currentvar + 1
if(currentvar>2) {
connectors[currentcon - 1,'END'] <- variables[currentvar - 1, 'SYMBOL']
}
}
connectors[currentcon,'TOKEN'] <- paste(unlist(stringpart)[2],unlist(stringpart)[3])
if (connectors[currentcon,'TOKEN']=='= 0')
connectors[currentcon,'TOKEN'] <- as.character(substitutes[1,bool.substitute])
if (connectors[currentcon,'TOKEN']=='= 1')
connectors[currentcon,'TOKEN'] <- as.character(substitutes[2,bool.substitute])
if (open_connection==TRUE) {
if (lineindent<previousindent) {
theStackIndex <- theStackIndex-(( previousindent- lineindent) +1 )
currentsymbol <-theStack[theStackIndex,'ITEM']
} else
currentsymbol <-variables[currentvar - 1,'SYMBOL']
} else {
currentsymbol <-theStack[theStackIndex-((previousindent -lineindent ) +1 ),'ITEM']
theStackIndex <- theStackIndex-(( previousindent- lineindent) )
}
connectors[currentcon, 'START'] <- currentsymbol
currentcon <- currentcon + 1
open_connection <- TRUE
if (length(unlist(stringlist))==2) {
stringpart2 <- strsplit(unlist(stringlist)[2],'\\s')
variables[currentvar,'TOKEN'] <- paste(ifelse((prefix==FALSE),'','Class'), unlist(stringpart2)[2])
variables[currentvar,'SYMBOL'] <- paste('node',as.character(currentvar), sep='')
variables[currentvar,'TYPE'] <- shape.conclusion
variables[currentvar,'QUERY'] <- 0
currentvar <- currentvar + 1
connectors[currentcon - 1,'END'] <- variables[currentvar - 1,'SYMBOL']
open_connection <- FALSE
}
previousindent<-lineindent
}
runningstring <- paste('digraph g {', 'graph ', sep='\n')
runningstring <- paste(runningstring, ' [rankdir="', sep='')
runningstring <- paste(runningstring, ifelse(vertical==TRUE,'TB','LR'), sep='' )
runningstring <- paste(runningstring, '"]', sep='')
for (lines in c(1:(currentvar-1))) {
runningline <- paste(variables[lines,'SYMBOL'], '[shape="')
runningline <- paste(runningline,variables[lines,'TYPE'], sep='' )
runningline <- paste(runningline,'" label ="', sep='' )
runningline <- paste(runningline,variables[lines,'TOKEN'], sep='' )
runningline <- paste(runningline,
'" style=filled fontcolor=', sep='')
runningline <- paste(runningline, col.font)
runningline <- paste(runningline,' color=' )
runningline <- paste(runningline, col.draw)
runningline <- paste(runningline,' fontname=')
runningline <- paste(runningline, fontname)
runningline <- paste(runningline,' fillcolor=')
runningline <- paste(runningline,
ifelse(variables[lines,'QUERY']== 0 ,col.conclusion,col.question))
runningline <- paste(runningline,'];')
runningstring <- paste(runningstring, runningline , sep='\n')
}
for (lines in c(1:(currentcon-1))) {
runningline <- paste (connectors[lines,'START'], '->')
runningline <- paste (runningline, connectors[lines,'END'])
runningline <- paste (runningline,'[label="')
runningline <- paste (runningline,connectors[lines,'TOKEN'], sep='')
runningline <- paste (runningline,'" fontname=', sep='')
runningline <- paste (runningline, fontname)
runningline <- paste (runningline,'];')
runningstring <- paste(runningstring, runningline , sep='\n')
}
runningstring <- paste(runningstring,'}')
cat(runningstring)
sink(filename, split=TRUE)
cat(runningstring)
sink()
}
灭霸