WebScraping /相同的网站不起作用？答案

【问题标题】：WebScraping / Identical sites not working?WebScraping /相同的网站不起作用？
【发布时间】：2021-06-10 18:17:45
【问题描述】：

我想从这两个链接中抓取标题元素 - 对我来说，这 2 个网站看起来完全一样 - 图片见下文

为什么只有第二个链接的抓取有效，而第一个链接无效？

import time
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# not working
link = "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bingo-story-live-bingo-games/id1179108009?uo=4"
page = requests.get (link)
time.sleep (1)
soup = BeautifulSoup (page.content, "html.parser")
erg = soup.find("header")
print(f"First Link: {erg}")

# working
link = "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/jackpot-boom-casino-slots/id1554995201?uo=4"
page = requests.get (link)
time.sleep (1)
soup = BeautifulSoup (page.content, "html.parser")
erg = soup.find("header")
print(f"Second Link: {len(erg)}")

工作：

不工作：

【问题讨论】：

标签： web web-scraping beautifulsoup

【解决方案1】：

页面有时是由 JavaScript 加载的，所以request 不会支持它。

您可以使用while 循环来检查header 是否出现在soup 然后break 中

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


headers = {
    "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.77 Safari/537.36"
}
link = "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bingo-story-live-bingo-games/id1179108009?uo=4"

while True:
    soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(link).content, "html.parser")
    header = soup.find("header")
    if header:
        break

print(header)

【讨论】：

不是 100% - 有时服务器返回 Js-only 页面。您需要重复它，直到服务器发送正确的版本。
@AndrejKesely 很有趣，因为我用浏览器测试了几次禁用 JS。您可以代替我发布答案。我会投票
没关系 - 只需在您对 OP 的回答中提及即可。 +1 :)
我做的第一件事是设置User-Agent...但是当我已经写好答案并尝试复制输出时，我再次运行脚本但它失败了：/所以没有魔法:)
@AndrejKesely 我更新了我的答案以检查回复。似乎根本不需要user-agent。

【解决方案2】：

试试这个以获取您希望从这些链接中获取的任何字段。目前它获取了标题。您可以修改res.json()['data'][0]['attributes']['name'] 以获取您感兴趣的任何领域。 Mkae 确保将网址放在此列表中urls_to_scrape。

import json
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urllib.parse import unquote

urls_to_scrape = {
    'https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bingo-story-live-bingo-games/id1179108009?uo=4',
    'https://apps.apple.com/us/app/jackpot-boom-casino-slots/id1554995201?uo=4'
}

base_url = 'https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bingo-story-live-bingo-games/id1179108009?uo=4'
link = 'https://amp-api.apps.apple.com/v1/catalog/US/apps/{}'

params = {
    'platform': 'web',
    'additionalPlatforms': 'appletv,ipad,iphone,mac',
    'extend': 'customPromotionalText,customScreenshotsByType,description,developerInfo,distributionKind,editorialVideo,fileSizeByDevice,messagesScreenshots,privacy,privacyPolicyText,privacyPolicyUrl,requirementsByDeviceFamily,supportURLForLanguage,versionHistory,websiteUrl',
    'include': 'genres,developer,reviews,merchandised-in-apps,customers-also-bought-apps,developer-other-apps,app-bundles,top-in-apps,related-editorial-items',
    'l': 'en-us',
    'limit[merchandised-in-apps]': '20',
    'omit[resource]': 'autos',
    'sparseLimit[apps:related-editorial-items]': '5'
}

with requests.Session() as s:
    s.headers['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.101 Safari/537.36'
    res = s.get(base_url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,"lxml")
    token_raw = soup.select_one("[name='web-experience-app/config/environment']").get("content")
    token = json.loads(unquote(token_raw))['MEDIA_API']['token']
    s.headers['Accept'] = 'application/json'
    s.headers['Referer'] = 'https://apps.apple.com/'
    s.headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {token}'

    for url in urls_to_scrape:
        id_ = url.split("/")[-1].strip("id").split("?")[0]
        res = s.get(link.format(id_),params=params)
        title = res.json()['data'][0]['attributes']['name']
        print(title)

【讨论】：