XPath如何获取子节点文本和自我

Question

我想要一个 XPath 来获取特定节点和子节点中包含的所有文本。

在下面的示例中，我试图获得：“Neil Carmichael (Stroud) (Con):”

<p>
<a class="anchor" name="qn_o0"> </a>
<a class="anchor" name="160210-0001.htm_wqn0"> </a>
<a class="anchor" name="160210109000034"> </a>
1. <a class="anchor" name="160210109000555"> </a>
    <b><b>Neil Carmichael</b>
     "(Stroud) (Con):"
    </b>
    "What assessment he has made of the value to the economy in Scotland of UK membership of the single market. [903484]"
</p>

到目前为止，我已经设法使用以下代码仅获得了一部分：

from lxml import html 
import requests 
page = requests.get('http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201516/cmhansrd/cm160210/debtext/160210-0001.htm') 
tree = html.fromstring(page.content) 

test2 = tree.xpath('//div[@id="content-small"]/p[(a[@name[starts-with(.,"st_o")]] or a[@name[starts-with(.,"qn_")]])]/b/text()')

欢迎任何帮助！

Answer 1

在/b 停止您的XPath，因此它返回<b> 元素而不是<b> 中的文本节点。然后您可以在每个元素上调用text_content() 以获得预期的文本输出，例如：

from lxml import html

raw = '''<p>
<a class="anchor" name="qn_o0"> </a>
<a class="anchor" name="160210-0001.htm_wqn0"> </a>
<a class="anchor" name="160210109000034"> </a>
1. <a class="anchor" name="160210109000555"> </a>
    <b><b>Neil Carmichael</b>
     "(Stroud) (Con):"
    </b>
    "What assessment he has made of the value to the economy in Scotland of UK membership of the single market. [903484]"
</p>'''

root = html.fromstring(raw)
result = root.xpath('//p/b')
print result[0].text_content()

# output :
# 'Neil Carmichael\n     "(Stroud) (Con):"\n    '

作为text_content() 的替代方案，您可以使用XPath string() 函数和可选的normalize-space()：

print result[0].xpath('string(normalize-space())')
# output :
# Neil Carmichael "(Stroud) (Con):"