如何使用 Moq 验证此方法的输出答案

【问题标题】：How can I verify the output of this method using Moq如何使用 Moq 验证此方法的输出
【发布时间】：2011-07-22 23:26:50
【问题描述】：

我有一个 MVC3 应用程序，并且在 AccountController 上有一个注册 ActionMethod。当用户注册时，我希望它通过电子邮件向他们发送用户详细信息。我正在使用Postal（第一次）并且想要运行一个单元测试来验证 Send 方法被调用并且我已经调用了 Register 电子邮件模板。

这是我的注册操作方法中调用电子邮件模板的代码部分：

dynamic email = new Email("Register");
email.To = model.Email;
_emailService.Send(email);

_emailService 是 IEmailService 类型。我正在使用 Moq 并且知道如何验证方法是否已被调用，但在这种情况下，我将一个电子邮件对象传递给 Send。所以我不知道我是否创建了一个 Mock 或者注册控制器上使用的 Email 对象是否是我应该测试的。我也不确定测试电子邮件“输出”或至少验证 Views/Emails 文件夹中的“注册”模板是否被调用的最佳方法。到目前为止，这是我的测试：

    [TestMethod]
    public void register_post_success_sends_email_with_account_details()
    {
        // Arrange
        // fakeMembers contains a List<Member> repository of 5 fake Members which I 
        // use to ensure the Register completes and then steps into the code 
        // that calls the email code authentication code
        FakeMembers fakeMembers = new FakeMembers();
        _mockMemberRepository.Setup(x => x.GetMembers()).Returns(fakeMembers.Members);
        _mockEmailService.Setup(e => e.Send(?? what do I place here??));
        // set up of emailService.Send is a void method so do I just not use Returns?

        //// Arrange
        Member model = new Member()
        {
            Email = "member6@mydomain.com",
            Password = "test123",
            ConfirmPassword = "test123"
        };
        Mock<Email> mockEmail = new Mock<Email>();
        // Act
        var result = _controller.Register(model);

        // Assert
        // Do I use a mockEmail.Object here? I want to test the Email called on the 
        // Register ActionMethod?

        // Test Send method was called ONCE
        _mockEmailService.Verify(e => e.Send(mockEmail.Object), Times.Once());

        //Test either the output of the Email that was sent OR check that it was the
        //Register email template that was called
    }

我希望我已经足够简洁，有人可以提供帮助

【问题讨论】：

标签： unit-testing asp.net-mvc-3 moq

【解决方案1】：

无需在没有返回的方法上使用Setup。因为看起来Email 只是一个数据结构，所以没有必要模拟它。此外，由于它是在控制器内部更新的，因此最好使用 It.Is<> 语法验证传递给 Send 的对象是否具有我期望的属性。

[TestMethod]
public void register_post_success_sends_email_with_account_details()
{
    //// Arrange
    FakeMembers fakeMembers = new FakeMembers();
    _mockMemberRepository.Setup(x => x.GetMembers()).Returns(fakeMembers.Members);

    Member model = new Member()
    {
        Email = "member6@mydomain.com",
        Password = "test123",
        ConfirmPassword = "test123"
    };

    //Act
    var result = _controller.Register(model);

    //Assert
    _mockEmailService.Verify(e => e.Send(It.Is<Email>(email =>
           {
               return email.To == model.Email;  // you can add more here such as the body etc
           }), Times.Once())

  //Test either the output of the Email that was sent OR check that it was the
  //Register email template that was called

至于这部分，我将分为 2 个测试，您知道将满足哪个条件。

【讨论】：