这是我的实现,它比这里的其他答案更快、更完整。对于不同的情况,它有 4 个独立的子功能。
我将复制主 str_split 函数的文档字符串:
str_split(s, *delims, empty=None)
将字符串 s 拆分为其余参数,可能会省略
空部分(empty 关键字参数负责)。
这是一个生成器函数。
当只提供一个分隔符时,字符串被它简单地分割。
empty 默认为 True。
str_split('[]aaa[][]bb[c', '[]')
-> '', 'aaa', '', 'bb[c'
str_split('[]aaa[][]bb[c', '[]', empty=False)
-> 'aaa', 'bb[c'
当提供多个分隔符时,字符串被最长分割
默认情况下,这些分隔符的可能序列,或者,如果 empty 设置为
True,分隔符之间的空字符串也包括在内。注意
这种情况下的分隔符只能是单个字符。
str_split('aaa, bb : c;', ' ', ',', ':', ';')
-> 'aaa', 'bb', 'c'
str_split('aaa, bb : c;', *' ,:;', empty=True)
-> 'aaa', '', 'bb', '', '', 'c', ''
不提供分隔符时,使用string.whitespace,所以效果
和str.split()一样,只是这个函数是一个生成器。
str_split('aaa\\t bb c \\n')
-> 'aaa', 'bb', 'c'
import string
def _str_split_chars(s, delims):
"Split the string `s` by characters contained in `delims`, including the \
empty parts between two consecutive delimiters"
start = 0
for i, c in enumerate(s):
if c in delims:
yield s[start:i]
start = i+1
yield s[start:]
def _str_split_chars_ne(s, delims):
"Split the string `s` by longest possible sequences of characters \
contained in `delims`"
start = 0
in_s = False
for i, c in enumerate(s):
if c in delims:
if in_s:
yield s[start:i]
in_s = False
else:
if not in_s:
in_s = True
start = i
if in_s:
yield s[start:]
def _str_split_word(s, delim):
"Split the string `s` by the string `delim`"
dlen = len(delim)
start = 0
try:
while True:
i = s.index(delim, start)
yield s[start:i]
start = i+dlen
except ValueError:
pass
yield s[start:]
def _str_split_word_ne(s, delim):
"Split the string `s` by the string `delim`, not including empty parts \
between two consecutive delimiters"
dlen = len(delim)
start = 0
try:
while True:
i = s.index(delim, start)
if start!=i:
yield s[start:i]
start = i+dlen
except ValueError:
pass
if start<len(s):
yield s[start:]
def str_split(s, *delims, empty=None):
"""\
Split the string `s` by the rest of the arguments, possibly omitting
empty parts (`empty` keyword argument is responsible for that).
This is a generator function.
When only one delimiter is supplied, the string is simply split by it.
`empty` is then `True` by default.
str_split('[]aaa[][]bb[c', '[]')
-> '', 'aaa', '', 'bb[c'
str_split('[]aaa[][]bb[c', '[]', empty=False)
-> 'aaa', 'bb[c'
When multiple delimiters are supplied, the string is split by longest
possible sequences of those delimiters by default, or, if `empty` is set to
`True`, empty strings between the delimiters are also included. Note that
the delimiters in this case may only be single characters.
str_split('aaa, bb : c;', ' ', ',', ':', ';')
-> 'aaa', 'bb', 'c'
str_split('aaa, bb : c;', *' ,:;', empty=True)
-> 'aaa', '', 'bb', '', '', 'c', ''
When no delimiters are supplied, `string.whitespace` is used, so the effect
is the same as `str.split()`, except this function is a generator.
str_split('aaa\\t bb c \\n')
-> 'aaa', 'bb', 'c'
"""
if len(delims)==1:
f = _str_split_word if empty is None or empty else _str_split_word_ne
return f(s, delims[0])
if len(delims)==0:
delims = string.whitespace
delims = set(delims) if len(delims)>=4 else ''.join(delims)
if any(len(d)>1 for d in delims):
raise ValueError("Only 1-character multiple delimiters are supported")
f = _str_split_chars if empty else _str_split_chars_ne
return f(s, delims)
这个函数在 Python 3 中工作,并且可以应用一个简单但相当难看的修复来使其在 2 和 3 版本中都工作。函数的第一行应改为:
def str_split(s, *delims, **kwargs):
"""...docstring..."""
empty = kwargs.get('empty')