将 for 循环中的多个打印输出值存储到列表或变量中

Question

我对 python 和 pandas 有几天的了解，但我遇到了一个我似乎无法自己解决的情况。我有一个 for 循环来获取状态代码并在它们满足某些条件时打印出结果。我的for循环如下：

for循环：

import requests
from requests.exceptions import HTTPError

response_full_result = []

for url in url_list:
    try:
       response = requests.get(url)
       response_full_result.append(response)

       # If the response was successful, no Exception will be raised
       response.raise_for_status()

    except HTTPError as http_err:
       failed_result.append(http_err)
       print(f'HTTP error occurred: {http_err}')  
    except Exception as err:
       print(f'Other error occurred: {err}')  
    else:
       print('Success!')

这个 for 循环的作用是，它遍历 .csv 上的列并执行 get 调用以获取状态代码。现在，这还可以打印出按照执行顺序指定的异常。对于示例，如果列的前三行是：200,400,NaN -，则结果将是：成功、HTTP 错误和其他错误（分别）

期望的结果：我理解它按预期打印 - 我希望 所有 将输出存储在我可以的变量/列表中以后一起工作。即success, HTTP error, Other Error - 有没有办法做到这一点？我尝试了append 方法，pickle 意味着我将不得不转换为不理想的字典。有没有办法在 Python 或 Pandas 中做到这一点？

另外，感谢this doc for providing for loop - 它不是我的。我在 Python 3.9 上使用 PyCharm。我是新手，上周才开始，我发现了很多东西，但在我的特殊情况下找不到对我有帮助的答案。也许我错过了 - 抱歉。

感谢任何可以提供帮助和建议的人！

Answer 1

您可以创建一个新列表，例如status_codes，并在每次迭代后将状态附加到它。然后您可以使用zip() 将 URL 和状态代码绑定在一起或创建新的数据框。例如：

import requests
from requests.exceptions import HTTPError

response_full_result = []

url_list = [
    "https://www.google.com",
    "https://www.yahoo.com",
    "https://xxx.domain.example",
]

status_codes = []  # <-- here we store status codes

for url in url_list:
    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
        response_full_result.append(response)

        # If the response was successful, no Exception will be raised
        response.raise_for_status()
    except HTTPError as http_err:
        failed_result.append(http_err)
        print(f"HTTP error occurred: {http_err}")
        status_codes.append("HTTP error")
    except Exception as err:
        print(f"Other error occurred: {err}")
        status_codes.append("Other error")
    else:
        print("Success!")
        status_codes.append("success")

print()

# print the results - use `zip()`
for url, status in zip(url_list, status_codes):
    print("{:<30} {}".format(url, status))

print()

# create a dataframe and write it to csv:
df = pd.DataFrame({"URL": url_list, "Status": status_codes})
print(df)
df.to_csv("data.csv", index=False)

打印：

Success!
Success!
Other error occurred: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='xxx.domain.example', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7f1e1c5e4100>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -2] Name or service not known'))

https://www.google.com         success
https://www.yahoo.com          success
https://xxx.domain.example     Other error

                          URL       Status
0      https://www.google.com      success
1       https://www.yahoo.com      success
2  https://xxx.domain.example  Other error

并创建data.csv：

URL,Status
https://www.google.com,success
https://www.yahoo.com,success
https://xxx.domain.example,Other error