如何打印单词的所有 lemma_names 而不会在 NLTK 同义词集中多次重复其同义词和 pos_tag？

Question

我正在尝试查找单词的同义词集。这是我的代码：

from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
from nltk import pos_tag

def getSynonyms(word1):
    synonymList1 = []
    for data1 in word1:
        wordnetSynset1 = wn.synsets(data1)
        tempList1=[]
        for synset1 in wordnetSynset1:
            synLemmas = synset1.lemma_names()
            for i in xrange(len(synLemmas)):
                word = synLemmas[i].replace('_',' ')
                tempList1.append(pos_tag(word.split()))
        synonymList1.append(tempList1)
    return synonymList1

word1 = ['study']

syn1 = getSynonyms(word1)

print syn1

这是输出：

[[[(u'survey', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'work', 'NN')], [(u'report', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'written', 'VBN'), (u'report', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'discipline', 'NN')], [(u'subject', 'NN')], [(u'subject', 'JJ'), (u'area', 'NN')], [(u'subject', 'JJ'), (u'field', 'NN')], [(u'field', 'NN')], [(u'field', 'NN'), (u'of', 'IN'), (u'study', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'bailiwick', 'NN')], [(u'sketch', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'cogitation', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'analyze', 'NN')], [(u'analyse', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'examine', 'NN')], [(u'canvass', 'NN')], [(u'canvas', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'consider', 'VB')], [(u'learn', 'NN')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'read', 'NN')], [(u'take', 'VB')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'hit', 'VB'), (u'the', 'DT'), (u'books', 'NNS')], [(u'study', 'NN')], [(u'meditate', 'NN')], [(u'contemplate', 'NN')]]]

我们可以看到，'study','NN' 出现了不止一次

如何为每个同义词只打印一次而不重复？

所以每个同义词只用一个同义词表示

Answer 1

在tempList1.append(pos_tag(word.split())) 行中，不要总是附加到for 循环内的列表中。您应该检查您尝试添加的元素是否已经在列表中。有一个简单的 if 语句检查应该可以做到。

if pos_tag(word.split()) not in tempList1:
   tempList1.append(pos_tag(word.split()))

这是一个不会被添加两次的元素。

Answer 2

syn1 = set(getSynonyms(word1))

将返回的列表组合成一个集合将删除重复项。我在这里假设顺序并不重要，因为集合没有定义的顺序。