如何定义 msbuild 在哪里查找包？

Question

我正在尝试从命令行构建解决方案。这包括 3 个步骤：

1. nuget install
2. nuget restore
3. msbuild

我正在使用NuGet.Config 文件，该文件指定了 nuget 包的缓存位置，以及恢复的包的添加位置。

命令nuget restore 不起作用，除了“无法构建解决方案”之外，它也没有提供有用的错误消息。 StackOverflow 上的另一个答案很有帮助地建议运行 msbuild 命令并查看错误是什么。

似乎在msbuild（或者显然是nuget restore）期间找不到通过nuget 安装的文件。这是来自msbuild 的日志，用于除 GAC 中的每个程序集之外的每个程序集：

  Primary reference "NTRPRS.NLog.Slack".
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\bin\Microsoft.Common.CurrentVersion.targets(2106,5): warning MSB3245: Could not resolve this reference. Could not locate the assembly "NTRPRS.NLog.Slack". Check to make sure the assembly exists on disk. If this reference is required by your code, you may get compilation errors. [C:\Avesta\Services\Dashboard\src\Avesta.DashboardService.csproj]
          For SearchPath "{HintPathFromItem}".
          Considered "..\..\..\..\AppData\Roaming\NuGet\packages\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.5.0.4\lib\net45\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          For SearchPath "{TargetFrameworkDirectory}".
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          For SearchPath "{Registry:Software\Microsoft\.NETFramework,v4.5,AssemblyFoldersEx}".
          Considered AssemblyFoldersEx locations.
          For SearchPath "{AssemblyFolders}".
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.5\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.5\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.5\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft.NET\ADOMD.NET\130\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft.NET\ADOMD.NET\130\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft.NET\ADOMD.NET\130\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\130\SDK\Assemblies\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\130\SDK\Assemblies\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\130\SDK\Assemblies\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files\IIS\Microsoft Web Deploy V3\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files\IIS\Microsoft Web Deploy V3\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files\IIS\Microsoft Web Deploy V3\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\140\SDK\Assemblies\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\140\SDK\Assemblies\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\140\SDK\Assemblies\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.0\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.0\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\v3.0\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft.NET\ADOMD.NET\140\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft.NET\ADOMD.NET\140\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft.NET\ADOMD.NET\140\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.
          For SearchPath "{GAC}".
          Considered "NTRPRS.NLog.Slack", which was not found in the GAC.
          For SearchPath "{RawFileName}".
          Considered treating "NTRPRS.NLog.Slack" as a file name, but it didn't exist.
          For SearchPath "bin\Debug\".
          Considered "bin\Debug\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.winmd", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "bin\Debug\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.dll", but it didn't exist.
          Considered "bin\Debug\NTRPRS.NLog.Slack.exe", but it didn't exist.

如何向 msbuild 指定 nuget 安装的程序集在哪里？另外....为什么nuget还原失败？我从nuget restore 得到的消息是：

C:\<path>\src>nuget restore
Error parsing solution file at C:\<path>\src\<name>.sln: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.
The project file could not be loaded. Could not load file or assembly 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies.
The system cannot find the file specified.  C:\<path>\src\<name>.sln

使用：

MSBuild auto-detection: using msbuild version '15.7.177.53362' from 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\bin'.

据我所知，nuget 错误输出完全没有意义。绝对路径C:\<path>\src\<name>.sln是绝对存在的。

Answer 1

这是一个仅在 Visual Studio / MSBuild 15.7.0 之后才出现的问题。

NuGet 已经有一个未解决的问题：https://github.com/NuGet/Home/issues/6918

当前的解决方法是安装 .NET 4.7.1 直到问题得到解决，因为这会在全局程序集缓存中安装缺少的库。