FAKE MSBuild 步骤无法解析引用

Question

我有一个 FAKE 构建脚本，如果我使用 VisualStudio 构建项目一次，它将运行得非常好，但如果我尝试重新构建，则会抛出错误，说它找不到多个 nuget 的命名空间包和我依赖的 Visual Studio 项目。

我正在使用 FAKE 的 MSBuildRelease 并像这样传递 .sln 文件：

Target "BuildWindowsProject" (fun _ ->
    MSBuildRelease
        ""
        "Build"
        [ "./Source/My.Project.sln" ]
        |> Log "Windows-Build: "
)

它给出了一些错误，如下所示，但这些错误包括解决方案中的项目和外部 nuget 包。

The type or namespace name 'Caliburn' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

我确实注意到早在 2011 年就发布了此问题 - MSBuild cannot find a reference，但它已经很老了，我在网上找不到任何最近发生的问题。

如果我先进行 Visual Studio 构建然后运行我的构建脚本，它就可以正常工作，但这并不能解决构建服务器的问题。我做错了什么？

Answer 1

您必须自己执行深度诊断，因为正在考虑的问题需要在此处发布源代码。它还可以取决于脚本运行的环境，以便为您提供正确的答案。

您可以选择MSBuild utility to pass verbosity level 的输出。使用以下开关值获取有关在构建期间如何解析引用的详细信息：

msbuild ./Source/My.Project.sln /t:Build /v:d

使用此命令，您可以导航到名为 ResolveAssemblyReference 和 ResolveProjectReference 的步骤。你可以看到所有的路径，它将在哪里搜索程序集，以及是否成功：

4>  Primary reference "System.Runtime.Remoting, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089".
4>      Resolved file path is "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\System.Runtime.Remoting.dll".
4>      Reference found at search path location "{TargetFrameworkDirectory}".
4>          For SearchPath "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\amd64".
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\amd64\System.Runtime.Remoting.winmd", but it didn't exist.
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\amd64\System.Runtime.Remoting.dll", but it didn't exist.
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\amd64\System.Runtime.Remoting.exe", but it didn't exist.
4>          For SearchPath "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\amd64".
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\amd64\System.Runtime.Remoting.winmd", but it didn't exist.
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\amd64\System.Runtime.Remoting.dll", but it didn't exist.
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\amd64\System.Runtime.Remoting.exe", but it didn't exist.
4>          For SearchPath "{TargetFrameworkDirectory}".
4>          Considered "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\System.Runtime.Remoting.winmd", but it didn't exist.
4>      This reference is not "CopyLocal" because it's a prerequisite file.
4>      The ImageRuntimeVersion for this reference is "v4.0.30319".

---

如果您查看由 MSBuild 生成的命令行，您还可以检查哪些引用被传递给编译器，并找出您需要的引用。

对于 cl：

4>  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\bin\x86_amd64\CL.exe 
...
/AI"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0" 
...    
/FU"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\mscorlib.dll" 
/FUE:\YourProj\bin\Debug\Your.Proj.dll 
/FU"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\System.Configuration.dll" 
...
/errorReport:prompt 
YourSourceCodeFiles.cpp
/clr:nostdlib 

对于 csc：

2>  C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\12.0\bin\Csc.exe
...
/reference:"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\Profile\Client\mscorlib.dll" 
/reference:E:\svn\PRM\trunk\PRM30\bin\Debug\Prm.Base.dll 
/reference:"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\Profile\Client\System.Configuration.dll" 
/reference:"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.0\Profile\Client\System.Core.dll" 
...

（为简单起见，省略了大部分参数）