使用 Nant 构建 .NET 4.5 项目答案

【问题标题】：Building .NET 4.5 Projects with Nant使用 Nant 构建 .NET 4.5 项目
【发布时间】：2012-08-07 00:33:09
【问题描述】：

我很好奇是否可以通过 C# 5.0 编译器使用 Nant 来定位 .NET 4.5。截至目前，最新版本仅声明支持 .NET 4.0。

我尝试在安装 .net 4.5 框架后下载源代码并使用 msbuild 构建 .sln，但产生了大量错误。

【问题讨论】：

我有点困惑，因为 C# 5.0 是 .NET 4.5 Framework 的一部分。如果你安装了.NET 4.5，不能用msbuild编译吗？
是的，您绝对可以在 Windows 上使用 MSBuild ...。但是如果你在 Linux 或 MacOS 上构建 Mono 项目，那么 MSBuild 将不可用:)
我已经从适合我的配置文件中添加了一个 sn-p。

【解决方案1】：

最好将您的发现发送给NAnt mailing list。它不是那么活跃，但 NAnt 肯定会得到更新以支持新框架。问题是，微软通常会使用新版本更改文件位置，并且指向这些文件的注册表项也会更改，因此在微软发布实际版本之前，实际上不可能支持它。用于测试。

我目前正在运行它，目标是 4.5。在NAnt.exe.config 中，更改<startup> 节点：

<startup>
    <!-- .NET Framework 4.5 -->
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5"/>
    <!-- .NET Framework 4.0 -->
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0.30319" />
    <!-- .NET Framework 2.0 -->
    <supportedRuntime version="v2.0.50727" />
</startup>

我还添加了一个新的<framework> 节点（net-4.0 的副本，参考程序集除外）：

<framework
    name="net-4.5"
    family="net"
    version="4.5"
    description="Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5"
    sdkdirectory="${sdkInstallRoot}"
    frameworkdirectory="${path::combine(installRoot, 'v4.0.30319')}"
    frameworkassemblydirectory="${path::combine(installRoot, 'v4.0.30319')}"
    clrversion="4.0.30319"
    clrtype="Desktop"
    vendor="Microsoft"
      >
  <runtime>
    <probing-paths>
      <directory name="lib/common/2.0" />
      <directory name="lib/common/neutral" />
    </probing-paths>
    <modes>
      <strict>
        <environment>
          <variable name="COMPLUS_VERSION" value="v4.0.30319" />
        </environment>
      </strict>
    </modes>
  </runtime>
  <reference-assemblies basedir="${path::combine(installRoot, 'v4.0.30319')}">
    <include name="Accessibility.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Conversion.v4.0.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Engine.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Framework.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Tasks.v4.0.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Utilities.v4.0.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.CSharp.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Data.Entity.Build.Tasks.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.JScript.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Transactions.Bridge.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Transactions.Bridge.Dtc.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Activities.Compiler.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Compatibility.Data.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Compatibility.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualC.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualC.STLCLR.dll" />
    <include name="mscorlib.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.Core.Presentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.DurableInstancing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.Presentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.AddIn.Contract" />
    <include name="System.AddIn.dll" />
    <include name="System.ComponentModel.Composition.dll" />
    <include name="System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.dll" />
    <include name="System.Configuration.dll" />
    <include name="System.Configuration.Install.dll" />
    <include name="System.Core.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.DataSetExtensions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Entity.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Entity.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Linq.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.OracleClient.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Services.Client.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Services.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Services.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.SqlXml.dll" />
    <include name="System.Deployment.dll" />
    <include name="System.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Device.dll" />
    <include name="System.DirectoryServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.DirectoryServices.Protocols.dll" />
    <include name="System.dll" />
    <include name="System.Drawing.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Drawing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Dynamic.dll" />
    <include name="System.EnterpriseServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.EnterpriseServices.Thunk.dll" />
    <include name="System.EnterpriseServices.Wrapper.dll" />
    <include name="System.IdentityModel.dll" />
    <include name="System.IdentityModel.Selectors.dll" />
    <include name="System.IO.Log.dll" />
    <include name="System.Management.dll" />
    <include name="System.Management.Instrumentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.Messaging.dll" />
    <include name="System.Net.dll" />
    <include name="System.Numerics.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Caching.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.DurableInstancing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Remoting.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Serialization.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.dll" />
    <include name="System.Security.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Activation.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Activities.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Channels.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Discovery.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Routing.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.ServiceMoniker40.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.WasHosting.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Web.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceProcess.dll" />
    <include name="System.Transactions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Abstractions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.ApplicationServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DataVisualization.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DataVisualization.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DynamicData.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DynamicData.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Entity.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Entity.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Extensions.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Extensions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Mobile.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.RegularExpressions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Routing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Services.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Forms.dll" />
    <include name="System.Workflow.Activities.dll" />
    <include name="System.Workflow.ComponentModel.dll" />
    <include name="System.Workflow.Runtime.dll" />
    <include name="System.WorkflowServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xaml.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xaml.Hosting.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xml.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xml.Linq.dll" />
  </reference-assemblies>
  <!-- WPF Assemblies -->
  <reference-assemblies basedir="${path::combine(installRoot, 'v4.0.30319')}/WPF">
    <include name="NaturalLanguage6.dll" />
    <include name="NlsData0009.dll" />
    <include name="NlsLexicons0009.dll" />
    <include name="PenIMC.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationCore.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Aero.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Classic.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Luna.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Royale.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationHost_v0400.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationNative_v0400.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationUI.dll" />
    <include name="ReachFramework.dll" />
    <include name="System.Printing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Speech.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Input.Manipulations.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Presentation.dll" />
    <include name="UIAutomationClient.dll" />
    <include name="UIAutomationClientsideProviders.dll" />
    <include name="UIAutomationProvider.dll" />
    <include name="UIAutomationTypes.dll" />
    <include name="WindowsBase.dll" />
    <include name="WindowsFormsIntegration.dll" />
    <include name="wpfgfx_v0400.dll" />
    <include name="wpftxt_v0400.dll" />
  </reference-assemblies>
  <reference-assemblies basedir="${environment::get-folder-path('ProgramFiles')}/Reference Assemblies/Microsoft/Framework/.NETFramework/v4.5">
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Conversion.v4.0.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Engine.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Framework.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Tasks.v4.0.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.Build.Utilities.v4.0.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.CSharp.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.JScript.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Compatibility.Data.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.Comptatibility.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualC.dll" />
    <include name="Microsoft.VisualC.STLCLR.dll" />
    <include name="mscorlib.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationBuildTasks.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationCore.dll" />
    <include name="WindowsBase.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Aero.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Classic.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Luna.dll" />
    <include name="PresentationFramework.Royale.dll" />
    <include name="ReachFramework.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.Core.Presentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.DurableInstancing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Activities.Presentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.AddIn.Contract.dll" />
    <include name="System.AddIn.dll" />
    <include name="System.ComponentModel.Composition.dll" />
    <include name="System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.dll" />
    <include name="System.Configuration.dll" />
    <include name="System.Core.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.DataSetExtension.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Entity.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Entity.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Linq.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.OracleClient.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Services.Client.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Services.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.Services.dll" />
    <include name="System.Data.SqlXml.dll" />
    <include name="System.Deployment.dll" />
    <include name="System.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Device.dll" />
    <include name="System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.dll" />
    <include name="System.DirectoryServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.DirectoryServices.Protocols.dll" />
    <include name="System.dll" />
    <include name="System.Drawing.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Drawing.dll" />
    <include name="System.EnterpriseServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.EnterpriseServices.Thunk.dll" />
    <include name="System.EnterpriseServices.Wrapper.dll" />
    <include name="System.IdentityModel.dll" />
    <include name="System.IdentityModel.Selectors.dll" />
    <include name="System.IO.Log.dll" />
    <include name="System.Management.dll" />
    <include name="System.Management.Instrumentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.Messaging.dll" />
    <include name="System.Net.dll" />
    <include name="System.Numerics.dll" />
    <include name="System.Printing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Caching.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.DurableInstancing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Remoting.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Serialization.dll" />
    <include name="System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.dll" />
    <include name="System.Security.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Activation.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Activities.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Channels.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Discovery.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Routing.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceModel.Web.dll" />
    <include name="System.ServiceProcess.dll" />
    <include name="System.Speech.dll" />
    <include name="System.Transactions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Abstractions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.ApplicationServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DataVisualization.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DataVisualization.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DynamicData.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.DynamicData.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Entity.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Entity.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Extensions.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Extensions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Mobile.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.RegularExpressions.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Routing.dll" />
    <include name="System.Web.Services.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Design.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Forms.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Input.Manipulations.dll" />
    <include name="System.Windows.Presentation.dll" />
    <include name="System.Workflow.Activities.dll" />
    <include name="System.Workflow.ComponentModel.dll" />
    <include name="System.Workflow.Runtime.dll" />
    <include name="System.WorkflowServices.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xaml.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xml.dll" />
    <include name="System.Xml.Linq.dll" />
  </reference-assemblies>
  <task-assemblies>
    <!-- include MS.NET version-neutral assemblies -->
    <include name="extensions/net/neutral/**/*.dll" />
    <!-- include MS.NET 4.0 specific assemblies -->
    <include name="extensions/net/4.0/**/*.dll" />
    <!-- include MS.NET specific task assembly -->
    <include name="NAnt.MSNetTasks.dll" />
    <!-- include MS.NET specific test assembly -->
    <include name="NAnt.MSNet.Tests.dll" />
    <!-- include .NET 4.0 specific assemblies -->
    <include name="extensions/common/4.0/**/*.dll" />
  </task-assemblies>
  <tool-paths>
    <directory name="${sdkInstallRoot}"
        if="${property::exists('sdkInstallRoot')}" />
    <directory name="${path::combine(installRoot, 'v4.0.30319')}" />
  </tool-paths>
  <project>
    <readregistry
        property="installRoot"
        key="SOFTWARE\Microsoft\.NETFramework\InstallRoot"
        hive="LocalMachine" />
    <locatesdk property="sdkInstallRoot" minwinsdkver="v7.0A" minnetfxver="4.0" maxnetfxver="4.0.99999" failonerror="false" />
  </project>
  <tasks>
    <task name="csc">
      <attribute name="supportsnowarnlist">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportswarnaserrorlist">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportskeycontainer">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportskeyfile">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsdelaysign">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsplatform">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportslangversion">true</attribute>
    </task>
    <task name="vbc">
      <attribute name="supportsdocgeneration">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsnostdlib">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsnowarnlist">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportskeycontainer">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportskeyfile">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsdelaysign">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsplatform">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportswarnaserrorlist">true</attribute>
    </task>
    <task name="jsc">
      <attribute name="supportsplatform">true</attribute>
    </task>
    <task name="vjc">
      <attribute name="supportsnowarnlist">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportskeycontainer">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportskeyfile">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsdelaysign">true</attribute>
    </task>
    <task name="resgen">
      <attribute name="supportsassemblyreferences">true</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsexternalfilereferences">true</attribute>
    </task>
    <task name="delay-sign">
      <attribute name="exename">sn</attribute>
    </task>
    <task name="license">
      <attribute name="exename">lc</attribute>
      <attribute name="supportsassemblyreferences">true</attribute>
    </task>
  </tasks>
</framework>

【讨论】：

我的公司有一个使用 NAnt 的旧构建系统。有4.6的更新版本吗？ C#6 无法在 4.5 版本中正确构建。（不用说，我正在推动一个新的构建过程，但迁移所有内容可能需要一段时间）。

【解决方案2】：

nAnt 已经发布了 0.92，所以它还没有死。不知道他们什么时候会使用 csc 5.0。

由于您提到在其本地环境中构建 Mono 作为您的实际关注点，Mono 项目有它自己的 msbuild 克隆，称为 xbuild (http://www.mono-project.com/Microsoft.Build)。他们说这不是 100% 的功能完整，但不要提供任何细节。我猜，除非你在外面做点什么，否则它可能会奏效。我建议简单地尝试从命令行调用 xbuild 并将解决方案作为第一个快速冒烟测试传递。

问候，迈克尔

【讨论】：

xbuild 现在被认为已过时，但显然nAnt 包括msbuild，这似乎工作正常......