webdriver 错误“urllib3.exceptions.ProxySchemeUnknown：代理 URL 没有方案，应以 http:// 或 https:// 开头”

Question

我是 python 新手，当我想运行以下简单代码时出现错误：

from selenium import webdriver

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get("http://www.whatsmyip.org")

错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Saeed\Desktop\insta bot\instagram.py", line 3, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "C:\Users\Saeed\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py", line 177, in __init__
    executor = FirefoxRemoteConnection(
  File "C:\Users\Saeed\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\remote_connection.py", line 27, in __init__
    RemoteConnection.__init__(self, remote_server_addr, keep_alive, ignore_proxy=ignore_proxy)
  File "C:\Users\Saeed\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\remote_connection.py", line 155, in __init__
    self._conn = self._get_connection_manager()
  File "C:\Users\Saeed\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\remote_connection.py", line 143, in _get_connection_manager
    urllib3.ProxyManager(self._proxy_url, **pool_manager_init_args)
  File "C:\Users\Saeed\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\urllib3\poolmanager.py", line 480, in __init__
    raise ProxySchemeUnknown(proxy.scheme)
urllib3.exceptions.ProxySchemeUnknown: Proxy URL had no scheme, should start with http:// or https://

提前感谢您的指导。

Answer 1

当您的客户端代码（您的测试）尝试向 WebDriver 服务发送命令时，会出现此错误。由于它是 REST（通过 http）Selenium 采用在环境变量中为相应协议定义的代理：

def _get_proxy_url(self):
    if self._url.startswith('https://'):
        return os.environ.get('https_proxy', os.environ.get('HTTPS_PROXY'))
    elif self._url.startswith('http://'):
        return os.environ.get('http_proxy', os.environ.get('HTTP_PROXY'))

看起来分配给这些变量之一（或两者）的值不是正确的 URL。

解决办法是：

• 修复 URL
• 或在FirefoxOptions 中切换ignore_local_proxy_environment_variables