无法在 selenium webdriver 上启动新会话

【问题标题】：could not start a new session on selenium webdriver无法在 selenium webdriver 上启动新会话
【发布时间】：2016-08-15 19:21:43
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 selenium java 代码打开 Firefox 浏览器。

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:/Program Files/Mozilla Firefox/geckodriver-v0.8.0-win32/geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.port","4444");

Selenium 服务器已启动并正在运行。我尝试使用命令提示符更改 selenium 服务器端口并在代码中设置端口，但它们都不起作用。

> Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.remote.UnreachableBrowserException: Could not start a new session. Possible causes are invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure.
Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: '2aa21c1', time: '2016-08-02 14:59:43 -0700'
System info: host: 'W0045395', ip: '10.17.208.124', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_101'
Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:670)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:247)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:130)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:232)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:220)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:215)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:211)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:124)
    at newpackage.Gmail_Login.main(Gmail_Login.java:18)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:6544 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect
Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: '2aa21c1', time: '2016-08-02 14:59:43 -0700'
System info: host: 'W0045395', ip: '10.17.208.124', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_101'
Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:91)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:649)
    ... 8 more
Caused by: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:6544 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect
    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:158)
    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:353)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:380)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:236)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:184)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:88)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)
    at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)
    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:71)
    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:55)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.fallBackExecute(ApacheHttpClient.java:142)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.execute(ApacheHttpClient.java:88)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:142)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)
    ... 9 more
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
    at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.waitForConnect(Native Method)
    at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.Socket.connect(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainConnectionSocketFactory.java:74)
    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:141)
    ... 22 more

在错误消息“Connect to localhost:6544”中，它每次都尝试连接到不同的 localhost。谁能看出问题出在哪里？

我使用的版本是：

  • 火狐48.0
  • 硒 3.0.0 beta 2
  • Windows 7 32 位
  • geckodriver-v0.8.0-win32

另外我的 geckodriver 可执行文件没有运行，它说 VCRUNTIME140.dill 丢失，我应该重新安装以解决问题。但是我重新安装后，同样的事情发生了。

更新

感谢@Saurabh 的建议，我将 selenium 降级为 2.53.1。浏览器现在正在打开，但没有任何显示。我又遇到了一个错误

    org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
ateKey":null,"optionsURL":null,"optionsType":null,"aboutURL":null,"icons":{},"iconURL":"chrome://web2pdfextension/skin/C_AdobeLogo_48x48.png","icon64URL":"chrome://web2pdfextension/skin/C_AdobeLogo_64x64.png","defaultLocale":{"name":"Adobe Acrobat DC - Create PDF","description":"Converts a web page to PDF","creator":"Adobe Systems Incorporated","homepageURL":"http://www.adobe.com/"},"visible":true,"active":false,"userDisabled":true,"appDisabled":false,"descriptor":"C:\\Program Files\\Adobe\\Acrobat DC\\Acrobat\\Browser\\WCFirefoxExtn","installDate":1463491629403,"updateDate":1463491629403,"applyBackgroundUpdates":1,"bootstrap":false,"skinnable":false,"size":345393,"sourceURI":null,"releaseNotesURI":null,"softDisabled":false,"foreignInstall":true,"hasBinaryComponents":false,"strictCompatibility":false,"locales":[],"targetApplications":[{"id":"{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}","minVersion":"4.0","maxVersion":"46.0"}],"targetPlatforms":[],"multiprocessCompatible":false,"signedState":2,"seen":true}
1471356838157   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Save changes
1471356838157   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Updating database with changes to installed add-ons
1471356838157   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Updating add-on states
1471356838158   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Writing add-ons list
1471356838161   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.0
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.4
1471356838163   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1471356838164   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.4.3
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager
1471356838182   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider
1471356838188   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: <unnamed-provider>
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: <unnamed-provider>
1471356840362   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded
1471356840362   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   XPI Database saved, setting schema version preference to 17
1471356840362   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting timer
1471356840374   addons.repository   DEBUG   No addons.json found.
1471356840374   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Save changes
1471356840377   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting timer
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840421   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting write
1471356840440   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting write
1471356840460   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded
1471356840495   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded

    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:112)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:119)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:218)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:211)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:129)
    at newpackage.Gmail_Login.main(Gmail_Login.java:25)
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Failed to connect to binary FirefoxBinary(C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe) on port 7055; process output follows: 
ateKey":null,"optionsURL":null,"optionsType":null,"aboutURL":null,"icons":{},"iconURL":"chrome://web2pdfextension/skin/C_AdobeLogo_48x48.png","icon64URL":"chrome://web2pdfextension/skin/C_AdobeLogo_64x64.png","defaultLocale":{"name":"Adobe Acrobat DC - Create PDF","description":"Converts a web page to PDF","creator":"Adobe Systems Incorporated","homepageURL":"http://www.adobe.com/"},"visible":true,"active":false,"userDisabled":true,"appDisabled":false,"descriptor":"C:\\Program Files\\Adobe\\Acrobat DC\\Acrobat\\Browser\\WCFirefoxExtn","installDate":1463491629403,"updateDate":1463491629403,"applyBackgroundUpdates":1,"bootstrap":false,"skinnable":false,"size":345393,"sourceURI":null,"releaseNotesURI":null,"softDisabled":false,"foreignInstall":true,"hasBinaryComponents":false,"strictCompatibility":false,"locales":[],"targetApplications":[{"id":"{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}","minVersion":"4.0","maxVersion":"46.0"}],"targetPlatforms":[],"multiprocessCompatible":false,"signedState":2,"seen":true}
1471356838157   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Save changes
1471356838157   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Updating database with changes to installed add-ons
1471356838157   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Updating add-on states
1471356838158   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Writing add-ons list
1471356838161   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.0
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.4
1471356838163   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1471356838164   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.4.3
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager
1471356838182   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider
1471356838188   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: <unnamed-provider>
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: <unnamed-provider>
1471356840362   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded
1471356840362   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   XPI Database saved, setting schema version preference to 17
1471356840362   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting timer
1471356840374   addons.repository   DEBUG   No addons.json found.
1471356840374   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Save changes
1471356840377   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting timer
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840421   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting write
1471356840440   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting write
1471356840460   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded
1471356840495   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded

Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:37:09'
System info: host: 'W0045395', ip: '10.17.208.124', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_101'
Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:124)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:119)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:218)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:211)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:129)
    at newpackage.Gmail_Login.main(Gmail_Login.java:25)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
ateKey":null,"optionsURL":null,"optionsType":null,"aboutURL":null,"icons":{},"iconURL":"chrome://web2pdfextension/skin/C_AdobeLogo_48x48.png","icon64URL":"chrome://web2pdfextension/skin/C_AdobeLogo_64x64.png","defaultLocale":{"name":"Adobe Acrobat DC - Create PDF","description":"Converts a web page to PDF","creator":"Adobe Systems Incorporated","homepageURL":"http://www.adobe.com/"},"visible":true,"active":false,"userDisabled":true,"appDisabled":false,"descriptor":"C:\\Program Files\\Adobe\\Acrobat DC\\Acrobat\\Browser\\WCFirefoxExtn","installDate":1463491629403,"updateDate":1463491629403,"applyBackgroundUpdates":1,"bootstrap":false,"skinnable":false,"size":345393,"sourceURI":null,"releaseNotesURI":null,"softDisabled":false,"foreignInstall":true,"hasBinaryComponents":false,"strictCompatibility":false,"locales":[],"targetApplications":[{"id":"{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}","minVersion":"4.0","maxVersion":"46.0"}],"targetPlatforms":[],"multiprocessCompatible":false,"signedState":2,"seen":true}
1471356838157   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Save changes
1471356838157   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Updating database with changes to installed add-ons
1471356838157   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Updating add-on states
1471356838158   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Writing add-ons list
1471356838161   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\e10srollout@mozilla.org.xpi
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on e10srollout@mozilla.org version 1.0
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\firefox@getpocket.com.xpi
1471356838162   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on firefox@getpocket.com version 1.0.4
1471356838163   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1471356838164   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.4.3
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1471356838181   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager
1471356838182   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1471356838187   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider
1471356838188   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: <unnamed-provider>
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1471356839788   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: <unnamed-provider>
1471356840362   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded
1471356840362   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   XPI Database saved, setting schema version preference to 17
1471356840362   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting timer
1471356840374   addons.repository   DEBUG   No addons.json found.
1471356840374   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Save changes
1471356840377   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting timer
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840413   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider
1471356840421   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Starting write
1471356840440   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Starting write
1471356840460   DeferredSave.extensions.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded
1471356840495   DeferredSave.addons.json    DEBUG   Write succeeded

    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:112)
    ... 6 more

【问题讨论】：

  • 你的机器上安装了firefox吗？
  • 为什么要使用gecko驱动？要启动 firefox，您应该能够导入 org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
  • @AllIsWell 是的，我已经安装了 firefox。我想我是这个错误 "Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property;有关详细信息，请参阅github.com/jgraham/wires。最新版本可以从……下载。”。所以我改用壁虎

标签： java selenium firefox port gecko


【解决方案1】：

您需要将具有marionette 能力的DesiredCapabilities 传递给true 到FirefoxDriver 以及以下：-

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:/Program Files/Mozilla Firefox/geckodriver-v0.8.0-win32/geckodriver.exe");

//Now you can Initialize marionette driver to launch firefox
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);

已编辑：如果不幸的是以上方法不起作用，我建议您将您的 firefox 降级到 45 或更低并使用FirefoxDriver，如下所示：-

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

【讨论】：

  • 您好 Saurabh，感谢您的回复。我尝试了上面的代码并设置了 Marionette 可执行文件。但它仍然给我同样的错误。
  • 终于可以打开浏览器了！但它没有在浏览器上显示任何内容。它给了我“org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms”错误
  • 好吧，试试：System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:/Program Files/Mozilla Firefox/geckodriver-v0.8.0-win32/geckodriver.exe"); //Now you can Initialize marionette driver to launch firefox WebDriver driver = new MarionetteDriver();，然后告诉我..
  • hmm. 之前的代码会打开浏览器。但现在它只是给了我之前的错误“org.openqa.selenium.remote.UnreachableBrowserException”
  • 请告诉我您安装的 Firefox 二进制文件位置是什么？？？是安装在默认位置还是其他位置？？
【解决方案2】：

首先确保添加的所有 jar 文件，包括 /lib 文件夹中的以下 sn-p 代码将打开带有添加 http 链接的浏览器。顺便说一句，我用的是win7 64bit，所以要注意geckodrive路径。 

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\Users\\XYZ\\Documents\\geckodriver.exe");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);

try {
    WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    driver.navigate().to("http://google.com");
} catch(Exception e) {
    System.out.println(e);
}

【讨论】：

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