ImportError：找不到 DLL“msvcp140.dll 或 msvcp140_1.dll”。即使文件位于 %PATH% 目录中答案

【问题标题】：ImportError: Could not find the DLL(s) 'msvcp140.dll or msvcp140_1.dll'. Even when the files are located in the %PATH% directoryImportError：找不到 DLL“msvcp140.dll 或 msvcp140_1.dll”。即使文件位于 %PATH% 目录中
【发布时间】：2021-07-25 16:33:05
【问题描述】：

导入tensorflow时出现如下错误

(base) PS C:\Users\Rostyslav\GIt\GNN-GCP> python run_model.py --train --save
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "run_model.py", line 6, in <module>
    import tensorflow as tf
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.eager import context
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\context.py", line 35, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tfe
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tfe.py", line 28, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 28, in <module>
    self_check.preload_check()
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\platform\self_check.py", line 54, in preload_check
    raise ImportError(
ImportError: Could not find the DLL(s) 'msvcp140.dll or msvcp140_1.dll'. TensorFlow requires that these DLLs be installed in a directory that is named in your %PATH% environment variable. You may install these DLLs by downloading "Microsoft C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015, 2017 and 2019" for your platform from this URL: https://support.microsoft.com/help/2977003/the-latest-supported-visual-c-downloads

即使我同时安装了 msvcp140.dll 和 msvcp140_1.dll 并且它们都放置在 %PATH% 环境变量指定的目录中

C:\Users\Rostyslav>where msvcp140.dll
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-16\bin\msvcp140.dll
C:\Windows\System32\msvcp140.dll
C:\Users\Rostyslav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\msvcp140.dll <-- HERE
C:\Users\Rostyslav\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex\bin\x64\msvcp140.dll

我的路径环境变量如下所示：

搜索后发现原因可能是protobuf、tensorflow、python不兼容。我尝试了许多不同的版本组合，但它们都导致相同的错误。当前版本如下：

tensorflow                2.5.0
python                    3.8.10
protobuf                  3.17.3

如果您需要任何其他信息，请告诉我，我会分享。感谢任何帮助，因为我整天都在解决这个问题。谢谢！

更新：

在我修改self_check.py 以显示有关错误的更多详细信息后，这就是我得到的

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\platform\self_check.py", line 50, in preload_check
    ctypes.WinDLL(dll_name)
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 381, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\platform\self_check.py", line 50, in preload_check
    ctypes.WinDLL(dll_name)
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 381, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "run_model.py", line 6, in <module>
    import tensorflow as tf
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.eager import context
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\context.py", line 35, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tfe
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tfe.py", line 28, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 28, in <module>
    self_check.preload_check()
  File "C:\Users\Rostyslav\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\platform\self_check.py", line 55, in preload_check
    raise ImportError(
ImportError: Could not find the DLL(s) 'msvcp140.dll or msvcp140_1.dll'. TensorFlow requires that these DLLs be installed in a directory that is named in your %PATH% environment variable. You may install these DLLs by downloading "Microsoft C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015, 2017 and 2019" for your platform from this URL: https://support.microsoft.com/help/2977003/the-latest-supported-visual-c-downloads

我安装的包列表

# Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
absl-py                   0.13.0                   pypi_0    pypi
argon2-cffi               20.1.0                   pypi_0    pypi
astor                     0.8.1                    pypi_0    pypi
astunparse                1.6.3                    pypi_0    pypi
async-generator           1.10                     pypi_0    pypi
attrs                     21.2.0                   pypi_0    pypi
backcall                  0.2.0                    pypi_0    pypi
bleach                    3.3.1                    pypi_0    pypi
ca-certificates           2021.7.5             haa95532_1
cachetools                4.2.2                    pypi_0    pypi
certifi                   2021.5.30        py36haa95532_0
cffi                      1.14.6                   pypi_0    pypi
charset-normalizer        2.0.3                    pypi_0    pypi
colorama                  0.4.4                    pypi_0    pypi
cpuonly                   1.0                           0    pytorch
dataclasses               0.8                      pypi_0    pypi
debugpy                   1.4.1                    pypi_0    pypi
decorator                 5.0.9                    pypi_0    pypi
defusedxml                0.7.1                    pypi_0    pypi
entrypoints               0.3                      pypi_0    pypi
flatbuffers               1.12                     pypi_0    pypi
gast                      0.2.2                    pypi_0    pypi
google-auth               1.33.1                   pypi_0    pypi
google-auth-oauthlib      0.4.4                    pypi_0    pypi
google-pasta              0.2.0                    pypi_0    pypi
grpcio                    1.34.1                   pypi_0    pypi
h5py                      2.10.0                   pypi_0    pypi
idna                      3.2                      pypi_0    pypi
importlib-metadata        3.7.3                    pypi_0    pypi
ipykernel                 6.0.3                    pypi_0    pypi
ipython                   7.25.0                   pypi_0    pypi
ipython-genutils          0.2.0                    pypi_0    pypi
ipywidgets                7.6.3                    pypi_0    pypi
jedi                      0.18.0                   pypi_0    pypi
jinja2                    3.0.1                    pypi_0    pypi
jsonschema                3.2.0                    pypi_0    pypi
jupyter                   1.0.0                    pypi_0    pypi
jupyter-client            6.1.12                   pypi_0    pypi
jupyter-console           6.4.0                    pypi_0    pypi
jupyter-core              4.7.1                    pypi_0    pypi
jupyterlab-pygments       0.1.2                    pypi_0    pypi
jupyterlab-widgets        1.0.0                    pypi_0    pypi
keras-applications        1.0.8                    pypi_0    pypi
keras-nightly             2.5.0.dev2021032900          pypi_0    pypi
keras-preprocessing       1.1.2                    pypi_0    pypi
markdown                  3.3.4                    pypi_0    pypi
markupsafe                2.0.1                    pypi_0    pypi
matplotlib-inline         0.1.2                    pypi_0    pypi
mistune                   0.8.4                    pypi_0    pypi
nbclient                  0.5.3                    pypi_0    pypi
nbconvert                 6.1.0                    pypi_0    pypi
nbformat                  5.1.3                    pypi_0    pypi
nest-asyncio              1.5.1                    pypi_0    pypi
notebook                  6.4.0                    pypi_0    pypi
numpy                     1.19.5                   pypi_0    pypi
oauthlib                  3.1.1                    pypi_0    pypi
openssl                   1.1.1k               h2bbff1b_0
opt-einsum                3.3.0                    pypi_0    pypi
packaging                 21.0                     pypi_0    pypi
pandocfilters             1.4.3                    pypi_0    pypi
parso                     0.8.2                    pypi_0    pypi
pickleshare               0.7.5                    pypi_0    pypi
pillow                    8.3.1                    pypi_0    pypi
pip                       20.0.2                   py36_3
prometheus-client         0.11.0                   pypi_0    pypi
prompt-toolkit            3.0.19                   pypi_0    pypi
protobuf                  3.8.0                    pypi_0    pypi
pyasn1                    0.4.8                    pypi_0    pypi
pyasn1-modules            0.2.8                    pypi_0    pypi
pycparser                 2.20                     pypi_0    pypi
pygments                  2.9.0                    pypi_0    pypi
pyparsing                 2.4.7                    pypi_0    pypi
pyrsistent                0.18.0                   pypi_0    pypi
python                    3.6.8                h9f7ef89_7
python-dateutil           2.8.2                    pypi_0    pypi
pywin32                   301                      pypi_0    pypi
pywinpty                  1.1.3                    pypi_0    pypi
pyzmq                     22.1.0                   pypi_0    pypi
qtconsole                 5.1.1                    pypi_0    pypi
qtpy                      1.9.0                    pypi_0    pypi
requests                  2.26.0                   pypi_0    pypi
requests-oauthlib         1.3.0                    pypi_0    pypi
rsa                       4.7.2                    pypi_0    pypi
scipy                     1.4.1                    pypi_0    pypi
send2trash                1.7.1                    pypi_0    pypi
setuptools                52.0.0           py36haa95532_0
six                       1.16.0                   pypi_0    pypi
sqlite                    3.36.0               h2bbff1b_0
tensorboard               2.0.2                    pypi_0    pypi
tensorboard-data-server   0.6.1                    pypi_0    pypi
tensorboard-plugin-wit    1.8.0                    pypi_0    pypi
tensorflow                2.0.0                    pypi_0    pypi
tensorflow-estimator      2.0.0                    pypi_0    pypi
termcolor                 1.1.0                    pypi_0    pypi
terminado                 0.10.1                   pypi_0    pypi
testpath                  0.5.0                    pypi_0    pypi
torch                     1.9.0                    pypi_0    pypi
torchaudio                0.9.0                    pypi_0    pypi
torchvision               0.10.0                   pypi_0    pypi
tornado                   6.1                      pypi_0    pypi
traitlets                 5.0.5                    pypi_0    pypi
typing-extensions         3.7.4.3                  pypi_0    pypi
urllib3                   1.26.6                   pypi_0    pypi
vc                        14.2                 h21ff451_1
vs2015_runtime            14.27.29016          h5e58377_2
wcwidth                   0.2.5                    pypi_0    pypi
webencodings              0.5.1                    pypi_0    pypi
werkzeug                  2.0.1                    pypi_0    pypi
wheel                     0.36.2             pyhd3eb1b0_0
widgetsnbextension        3.5.1                    pypi_0    pypi
wincertstore              0.2              py36h7fe50ca_0
wrapt                     1.12.1                   pypi_0    pypi
zipp                      3.5.0                    pypi_0    pypi

【问题讨论】：

您可以临时修改 tensorflow 的“self_check.py”。在“除了 OSError:”处理程序的“preload_check”中，您可以添加一行“import traceback; traceback.print_exc()”。这应该会显示有关导入时出错的更详细的错误信息。
@MichaelButscher 谢谢！我已经修改了“self_check.py”并更新了线程。你知道，有什么问题吗？
Tensorflow 在 Windows 7 或更高版本（64 位）机器上需要 Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015, 2017 and 2019。按照Tensorflow docwindows机器上提到的步骤，使用虚拟环境安装。谢谢！
@TFer 感谢您的回答！我安装了适用于 Visual Studio 2015、2017 和 2019 的 Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable，并且我还正确安装了 tensorflow，但问题仍然存在......我想这归结为我拥有的包中的冲突，但我无法设法找到它。你能帮我吗？我已经列出了我在问题更新中拥有的所有软件包
解决了！原因是 tensorflow 与某些包和 Python 不兼容。为了解决，我已经完全移除了整个环境并安装了 Python 3.6.8 和 tensorflow 2.0.0。

标签： python tensorflow dll appdata

【解决方案1】：

已解决 - 我遇到了同样的问题并下载了链接中给出的那个文件夹，但没有用。我从互联网搜索 'Microsoft Visual C++ 2015-2022 Redistributable'，下载从这个链接下载 .x64 文件：@ 987654321@

img 1

img 2

重启电脑，问题解决

【讨论】：