使用is_detected,您可以这样做:
template <typename T, typename Ret, typename Index>
using subscript_t = std::integral_constant<Ret (T::*) (Index), & T::operator[]>;
template <typename T, typename Ret, typename Index>
using has_subscript = is_detected<subscript_t, T, Ret, Index>;
static_assert(has_subscript<std::vector<int>, int&, std::size_t>::value, "!");
static_assert(!has_subscript<std::vector<int>, int&, int>::value, "!");
Demo
我在 SO 文档中写了这个:
is_detected
泛化type_trait创建:基于SFINAE
有实验性特征detected_or、detected_t、is_detected。
带有模板参数typename Default、template <typename...> Op和typename ... Args:
-
is_detected:std::true_type 或std::false_type 的别名,取决于Op<Args...> 的有效性
-
detected_t:Op<Args...> 或 nonesuch 的别名,取决于 Op<Args...> 的有效性。
-
detected_or:结构的别名,value_t 是 is_detected,type 是 Op<Args...> 或 Default,取决于 Op<Args...> 的有效性
可以使用std::void_t 为 SFINAE 实现如下:
namespace detail {
template <class Default, class AlwaysVoid,
template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
struct detector
{
using value_t = std::false_type;
using type = Default;
};
template <class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
struct detector<Default, std::void_t<Op<Args...>>, Op, Args...>
{
using value_t = std::true_type;
using type = Op<Args...>;
};
} // namespace detail
// special type to indicate detection failure
struct nonesuch {
nonesuch() = delete;
~nonesuch() = delete;
nonesuch(nonesuch const&) = delete;
void operator=(nonesuch const&) = delete;
};
template <template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
using is_detected =
typename detail::detector<nonesuch, void, Op, Args...>::value_t;
template <template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
using detected_t = typename detail::detector<nonesuch, void, Op, Args...>::type;
template <class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
using detected_or = detail::detector<Default, void, Op, Args...>;
然后可以简单地实现检测方法存在的特征:
template <typename T, typename ...Ts>
using foo_type = decltype(std::declval<T>().foo(std::declval<Ts>()...));
struct C1 {};
struct C2 {
int foo(char) const;
};
template <typename T>
using has_foo_char = is_detected<foo_type, T, char>;
static_assert(!has_foo_char<C1>::value, "Unexpected");
static_assert(has_foo_char<C2>::value, "Unexpected");
static_assert(std::is_same<int, detected_t<foo_type, C2, char>>::value,
"Unexpected");
static_assert(std::is_same<void, // Default
detected_or<void, foo_type, C1, char>>::value,
"Unexpected");
static_assert(std::is_same<int, detected_or<void, foo_type, C2, char>>::value,
"Unexpected");