Netfilter 内核模块拦截数据包并记录它们

Question

我有一个基本代码。此代码丢弃并记录所有传入和传出的数据包。 我想编写一个 netfilter 内核模块来拦截数据包并将它们记录在内核日志中。它应该能够检测到不同类型的基于 TCP 的侦察包（例如显示 1 或 2）。该模块应该检测这些数据包并记录到内核日志中。我不想过滤数据包，只是识别并记录它们。

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/netfilter.h>
#include <linux/netfilter_ipv4.h>

static struct nf_hook_ops nfho;         //struct holding set of hook function options

//function to be called by hook
unsigned int hook_func(unsigned int hooknum, struct sk_buff **skb, const struct net_device *in, const struct net_device *out, int (*okfn)(struct sk_buff *))
{
  printk(KERN_INFO "packet dropped\n");                                             //log to var/log/messages
  return NF_DROP;                                                                   //drops the packet
}

//Called when module loaded using 'insmod'
int init_module()
{
  nfho.hook = hook_func;                       //function to call when conditions below met
  nfho.hooknum = NF_IP_PRE_ROUTING;            //called right after packet recieved, first hook in Netfilter
  nfho.pf = PF_INET;                           //IPV4 packets
  nfho.priority = NF_IP_PRI_FIRST;             //set to highest priority over all other hook functions
  nf_register_hook(&nfho);                     //register hook

  return 0;                                    //return 0 for success
}

//Called when module unloaded using 'rmmod'
void cleanup_module()
{
  nf_unregister_hook(&nfho);                     //cleanup – unregister hook
}

Answer 1

首先，此模块仅丢弃传入的数据包。原因是以下行：nfho.hooknum = NF_IP_PRE_ROUTING;。 关于您的问题：我不明白什么是“基于侦察数据包”，但您可以从数据包中提取所有数据并在内核日志中显示它们。例如：

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/netfilter.h>
#include <linux/netfilter_ipv4.h>
#include <linux/ip.h>
#include <linux/tcp.h>

static struct nf_hook_ops nfho;         //struct holding set of hook function options

//function to be called by hook
unsigned int hook_func(unsigned int hooknum, struct sk_buff *skb, const struct net_device *in, const struct net_device *out, int (*okfn)(struct sk_buff *))
{
  struct iphdr *ip_header = (struct iphdr *)skb_network_header(skb); //you can access to IP source and dest - ip_header->saddr, ip_header->daddr
  struct tcphdr *tcp_header;
  if (ip_header->protocol == 6) //TCP protocol
  {
    printk(KERN_INFO "TCP Packet\n");
    tcp_header = (struct tcphdr *)(skb_transport_header(skb)+20); //Note: +20 is only for incoming packets
    printk(KERN_INFO "Source Port: %u\n", tcp_header->source); //can access dest in the same way
  }
  return NF_ACCEPT;                                                                   //accept the packet
}

//Called when module loaded using 'insmod'
int init_module()
{
  nfho.hook = hook_func;                       //function to call when conditions below met
  nfho.hooknum = NF_INET_PRE_ROUTING;            //called right after packet recieved, first hook in Netfilter
  nfho.pf = PF_INET;                           //IPV4 packets
  nfho.priority = NF_IP_PRI_FIRST;             //set to highest priority over all other hook functions
  nf_register_hook(&nfho);                     //register hook

  return 0;                                    //return 0 for success
}

//Called when module unloaded using 'rmmod'
void cleanup_module()
{
  nf_unregister_hook(&nfho);                     //cleanup – unregister hook
} 

Answer 2

您可以简单地运行ufw 防火墙实用程序，

（无论如何你应该一直在运行）。

开始：

sudo ufw enable

然后确保它正在运行：

sudo ufw status

然后开启日志功能：

sudo ufw logging on

然后：

cd /var/log

然后查看日志：

sudo cat ufw.log

这将给出所有输入/输出的日志。