汇编语言计算器 - Linux x86 & NASM - 除法

Question

我正在用汇编语言制作一个可以在 x86 处理器上执行的计算器。

基本上，我的计算器要求用户输入两个数字，然后指示要对它们执行的操作（加法、减法、乘法和除法）。

我的计算器加减乘法正确，但无法除法。在进行除法时，我总是得到 1 作为结果。

然后我让我的应用程序代码完整：

section .data

    ; Messages

    msg1        db      10,'-Calculator-',10,0
    lmsg1       equ     $ - msg1

    msg2        db      10,'Number 1: ',0
    lmsg2       equ     $ - msg2

    msg3        db      'Number 2: ',0
    lmsg3       equ     $ - msg3

    msg4        db      10,'1. Add',10,0
    lmsg4       equ     $ - msg4

    msg5        db      '2. Subtract',10,0
    lmsg5       equ     $ - msg5

    msg6        db      '3. Multiply',10,0
    lmsg6       equ     $ - msg6

    msg7        db      '4. Divide',10,0
    lmsg7       equ     $ - msg7

    msg8        db      'Operation: ',0
    lmsg8       equ     $ - msg8

    msg9        db      10,'Result: ',0
    lmsg9       equ     $ - msg9

    msg10       db      10,'Invalid Option',10,0
    lmsg10      equ     $ - msg10

    nlinea      db      10,10,0
    lnlinea     equ     $ - nlinea

section .bss

    ; Spaces reserved for storing the values ​​provided by the user.

    opc         resb    2
    num1        resb    2
    num2        resb    2
    result      resb    2

section .text

    global _start

_start:

    ; Print on screen the message 1
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg1
    mov edx, lmsg1
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 2
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg2
    mov edx, lmsg2
    int 80h

    ; We get num1 value.
    mov eax, 3
    mov ebx, 0
    mov ecx, num1
    mov edx, 2
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 3
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg3
    mov edx, lmsg3
    int 80h

    ; We get num2 value.
    mov eax, 3
    mov ebx, 0
    mov ecx, num2
    mov edx, 2
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 4
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg4
    mov edx, lmsg4
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 5
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg5
    mov edx, lmsg5
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 6
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg6
    mov edx, lmsg6
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 7
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg7
    mov edx, lmsg7
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 8
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg8
    mov edx, lmsg8
    int 80h

    ; We get the option selected.
    mov ebx,0
    mov ecx,opc
    mov edx,2
    mov eax,3
    int 80h

    mov ah, [opc]   ; Move the selected option to the registry ah
    sub ah, '0'     ; Convert from ascii to decimal

    ; We compare the value entered by the user to know what operation to perform.

    cmp ah, 1
    je add
    cmp ah, 2
    je subtract
    cmp ah, 3
    je multiply
    cmp ah, 4
    je divide

    ; If the value entered by the user does not meet any of the above 
    ; conditions then we show an error message and we close the program.
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg10
    mov edx, lmsg10
    int 80h

    jmp exit

add:
    ; We keep the numbers in the registers eax and ebx
    mov eax, [num1]
    mov ebx, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimal
    sub eax, '0'
    sub ebx, '0'

    ; Add
    add eax, ebx

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add eax, '0'

    ; We move the result
    mov [result], eax

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

subtract:
    ; We keep the numbers in the registers eax and ebx
    mov eax, [num1]
    mov ebx, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimal
    sub eax, '0'
    sub ebx, '0'

    ; Subtract
    sub eax, ebx

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add eax, '0'

    ; We move the result
    mov [result], eax

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

multiply:

    ; We store the numbers in registers ax and bx
    mov ax, [num1]
    mov bx, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimal
    sub ax, '0'
    sub bx, '0'

    ; Multiply. AL = AX x BX
    mul bx

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add al, '0'

    ; We move the result
    mov [result], al

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

divide:
    ; IN THIS LABEL IS THE ERROR!

    ; We store the numbers in registers ax and bx
    mov dx, 0
    mov ax, [num1]
    mov bx, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimall
    sub ax, '0'
    sub bx, '0'
    ; Division. AX = DX:AX / BX
    div bx

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add ax, '0'
    ; We move the result
    mov [result], ax

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    ; ALWAYS PRINTS 1
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

exit:
    ; Print on screen two new lines
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, nlinea
    mov edx, lnlinea
    int 80h
    ; End the program
    mov eax, 1
    mov ebx, 0
    int 80h

错误必须在标签“divide”中找到。

为什么我总是得到 1 作为除法的结果？

我希望有更多经验的人可以帮助我。

---

非常感谢大家。我的计算器终于可以用了。这是我的最终代码：

    section .data

    ; Messages

    msg1        db      10,'-Calculator-',10,0
    lmsg1       equ     $ - msg1

    msg2        db      10,'Number 1: ',0
    lmsg2       equ     $ - msg2

    msg3        db      'Number 2: ',0
    lmsg3       equ     $ - msg3

    msg4        db      10,'1. Add',10,0
    lmsg4       equ     $ - msg4

    msg5        db      '2. Subtract',10,0
    lmsg5       equ     $ - msg5

    msg6        db      '3. Multiply',10,0
    lmsg6       equ     $ - msg6

    msg7        db      '4. Divide',10,0
    lmsg7       equ     $ - msg7

    msg8        db      'Operation: ',0
    lmsg8       equ     $ - msg8

    msg9        db      10,'Result: ',0
    lmsg9       equ     $ - msg9

    msg10       db      10,'Invalid Option',10,0
    lmsg10      equ     $ - msg10

    nlinea      db      10,10,0
    lnlinea     equ     $ - nlinea

section .bss

    ; Spaces reserved for storing the values ​​provided by the user.

    opc:        resb    2
    num1:       resb    2
    num2:       resb    2
    result:     resb    2

section .text

    global _start

_start:

    ; Print on screen the message 1
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg1
    mov edx, lmsg1
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 2
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg2
    mov edx, lmsg2
    int 80h

    ; We get num1 value.
    mov eax, 3
    mov ebx, 0
    mov ecx, num1
    mov edx, 2
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 3
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg3
    mov edx, lmsg3
    int 80h

    ; We get num2 value.
    mov eax, 3
    mov ebx, 0
    mov ecx, num2
    mov edx, 2
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 4
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg4
    mov edx, lmsg4
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 5
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg5
    mov edx, lmsg5
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 6
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg6
    mov edx, lmsg6
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 7
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg7
    mov edx, lmsg7
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the message 8
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg8
    mov edx, lmsg8
    int 80h

    ; We get the option selected.
    mov ebx,0
    mov ecx,opc
    mov edx,2
    mov eax,3
    int 80h

    mov ah, [opc]       ; Move the selected option to the registry ah
    sub ah, '0'     ; Convert from ascii to decimal

    ; We compare the value entered by the user to know what operation to perform.

    cmp ah, 1
    je add
    cmp ah, 2
    je subtract
    cmp ah, 3
    je multiply
    cmp ah, 4
    je divide

    ; If the value entered by the user does not meet any of the above
    ; conditions then we show an error message and we close the program.
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg10
    mov edx, lmsg10
    int 80h

    jmp exit

add:
    ; We keep the numbers in the registers al and bl
    mov al, [num1]
    mov bl, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimal
    sub al, '0'
    sub bl, '0'

    ; Add
    add al, bl

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add al, '0'

    ; We move the result
    mov [result], al

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 2
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

subtract:
    ; We keep the numbers in the registers al and bl
    mov al, [num1]
    mov bl, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimal
    sub al, '0'
    sub bl, '0'

    ; Subtract
    sub al, bl

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add al, '0'

    ; We move the result
    mov [result], al

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

multiply:

    ; We store the numbers in registers al and bl
    mov al, [num1]
    mov bl, [num2]

    ; Convert from ascii to decimal
    sub al, '0'
    sub bl, '0'

    ; Multiply. AX = AL x BL
    mul bl

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add ax, '0'

    ; We move the result
    mov [result], ax

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

divide:

    ; We store the numbers in registers ax and bx
    mov al, [num1]
    mov bl, [num2]

    mov dx, 0
    mov ah, 0

    ; Convert from ascii to decimall
    sub al, '0'
    sub bl, '0'

    ; Division. AL = AX / BX
    div bl

    ; Conversion from decimal to ascii
    add ax, '0'
    ; We move the result
    mov [result], ax

    ; Print on screen the message 9
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, msg9
    mov edx, lmsg9
    int 80h

    ; Print on screen the result
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, result
    mov edx, 1
    int 80h

    ; We end the program
    jmp exit

exit:
    ; Print on screen two new lines
    mov eax, 4
    mov ebx, 1
    mov ecx, nlinea
    mov edx, lnlinea
    int 80h
    ; End the program
    mov eax, 1
    mov ebx, 0
    int 80h

Answer 1

您正在将两个字节（字符）读入 num1 和 num2 以供您输入数字。这通常是您输入的单个数字 (0-9) 和换行符。当你去执行一个操作时，你将 2 个字节分别读入 ax 和 bx，所以如果num1 为 5，num2 为 1，则 ax 将为 0xa35，bx 将为 0xa31。然后从每个中减去 0x30 并除以，在所有情况下都为 1，然后将其转换为 0x31 '1' 并打印。

现在在其他情况下（add/sub），您实际上是在将 4 个字节加载到 eax 和 ebx 中。因此，当您添加 5 和 1 时，您将在 eax 中获得 0xa310a35，在 ebx 中获得 0x????0a31（???? 来自 result 中发生的任何内容。）但是，在减去之后0x30 从每个加起来，eax 的最低字节将为 0x06，因此您将打印 6，因为您忽略了高字节中的内容。