根据用例,其中一种方法很有用:
- 使用
max 的新 goroutine 数量和一个通道作为队列 (The Go playground):
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
)
func main() {
const max = 10
queue := make(chan int, max)
wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
for i := 0; i < max; i++ {
wg.Add(1)
go worker(wg, queue)
}
for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
queue <- i
}
close(queue)
wg.Wait()
fmt.Println("Done")
}
func worker(wg *sync.WaitGroup, queue chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
for job := range queue {
fmt.Print(job, " ") // a job
}
}
- 使用缓冲通道作为信号量来限制 新的 goroutine 数量 到 max 数量 (The Go playground):
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
)
func main() {
const max = 10
semaphore := make(chan struct{}, max)
wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
semaphore <- struct{}{} // acquire
wg.Add(1)
go limited(i, wg, semaphore)
}
wg.Wait()
fmt.Println("Done")
}
func limited(i int, wg *sync.WaitGroup, semaphore chan struct{}) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Println("i =", i) // a job
<-semaphore // release
}
- 使用缓冲通道作为信号量来限制 jobs 到最大数量 - 这里的 goroutine 数量超过最大数量 (The Go playground):
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
)
func main() {
const max = 10
semaphore := make(chan struct{}, max)
wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
wg.Add(1)
go limited(i, wg, semaphore)
}
wg.Wait()
fmt.Println("Done")
}
func limited(i int, wg *sync.WaitGroup, semaphore chan struct{}) {
defer wg.Done()
semaphore <- struct{}{} // acquire
fmt.Println("i =", i) // a job
<-semaphore // release
}