在 OS X 10.8 上安装 matplotlib 时出错

Question

我正在尝试在装有 OS X 10.8 和 XCode 5.0.2 的机器上安装 matplotlib。我得到了这些我无法理解的奇怪错误。我使用pip install matplotlib 安装包，但最后它返回以下错误。我不知道该怎么做。请帮我继续。我尝试通过相同的过程安装 scipy，并且出现相同的错误流。

building 'rootfind' library

compiling C sources

C compiler: clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -mno-fused-madd -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe



creating build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/scipy/optimize/Zeros

compile options: '-I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/numpy/core/include -c'

clang: scipy/optimize/Zeros/bisect.c

clang: error: unknown argument: '-mno-fused-madd' [-Wunused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future]

clang: note: this will be a hard error (cannot be downgraded to a warning) in the future

clang: error: unknown argument: '-mno-fused-madd' [-Wunused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future]

clang: note: this will be a hard error (cannot be downgraded to a warning) in the future

error: Command "clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -mno-fused-madd -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/numpy/core/include -c scipy/optimize/Zeros/bisect.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/scipy/optimize/Zeros/bisect.o" failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/v3/xf03tznj5hn9mj7j_4jbkvw40000gn/T/pip_build_Siva/scipy/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /var/folders/v3/xf03tznj5hn9mj7j_4jbkvw40000gn/T/pip-u0HK_Y-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/v3/xf03tznj5hn9mj7j_4jbkvw40000gn/T/pip_build_Siva/scipy

在此之后，我将ARCHFLAGS 变量设置为以下

export ARCHFLAGS='-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future'

虽然安装过程进行得更进一步，但我现在在不同的位置收到错误流。

running build_ext

building 'matplotlib.ft2font' extension

creating build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7

creating build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/src

creating build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/CXX

clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -mno-fused-madd -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/numpy/core/include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -I/usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.5.3_1/include/freetype2 -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c src/ft2font.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/src/ft2font.o

clang: error: unknown argument: '-mno-fused-madd' [-Wunused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future]

clang: note: this will be a hard error (cannot be downgraded to a warning) in the future

error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/tmp/pip_build_root/matplotlib/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-ZU81yE-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip_build_root/matplotlib

Answer 1

这是一个常见问题，最近的 macos 更新使 clang 生成错误而不是对未知编译器选项的警告。作为临时解决方法，您可以在运行 pip 之前设置 ARCHFLAGS 环境变量：

export ARCHFLAGS='-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future'

Answer 2

我更喜欢在 OS X 上使用 Canopy 作为 Python 环境，因为在 Mac 上安装 Python 包通常比较困难。

你可以在这里得到它：https://www.enthought.com/downloads/。

MatPlotLib 是默认安装的，安装 Canopy 后更多的包更容易安装。