pip3 无法安装 imread - 'gcc' 失败，退出状态为 1

【问题标题】：pip3 fails to install imread - 'gcc' failed with exit status 1pip3 无法安装 imread - 'gcc' 失败，退出状态为 1
【发布时间】：2020-04-30 04:16:52
【问题描述】：

当我执行 pip3 install imread 时，出现以下错误：

Collecting imread
  Using cached imread-0.7.4.tar.gz (151 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in ./Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages (from imread) (1.17.4)
Building wheels for collected packages: imread
  Building wheel for imread (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-wheel-th30_vsf
       cwd: /private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/
  Complete output (125 lines):
  sh: pkg-config: command not found
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  copying imread/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  copying imread/imread_version.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  copying imread/ijrois.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  copying imread/special.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  copying imread/imread.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_tiff.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_rois.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_webp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_jpeg.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_imread_from_blob.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_imread.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_xcf.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_formats.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_imsave.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_error.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_bad.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_png.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  copying imread/tests/test_bmp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/good.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/bit1.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/1_webp_a.webp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/rois.zip -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/rgba.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/ghsystem_flame.jpg -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/star1.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/stack.tiff -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/T -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/0186-0099.roi -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/error.unknown -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/error.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/error.jpg -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/good -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/arange512_16bit.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/diag.xcf -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/palette_zero.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/py-installer-indexed.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/mono.tif -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/error.tif -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  copying imread/tests/data/error.webp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/TIFF
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/TIFF/00r00.tiff -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/TIFF
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r05.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r04.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r06.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r03.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r02.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r00.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r01.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r03.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r/02r00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r/02r01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r/02r02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r/01r01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r/01r00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r/01r02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w03.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
  copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
  running build_ext
  building 'imread._imread' extension
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib
  gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/_imread.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/_imread.o -stdlib=libc++
  In file included from imread/_imread.cpp:20:
  imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
          void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                               ^
  1 warning generated.
  gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/lib/formats.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib/formats.o -stdlib=libc++
  In file included from imread/lib/formats.cpp:4:
  In file included from imread/lib/formats.h:6:
  imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
          void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                               ^
  In file included from imread/lib/formats.cpp:9:
  imread/lib/_tiff.h:41:37: warning: 'STKFormat::read_multi' hides overloaded virtual function [-Woverloaded-virtual]
          std::unique_ptr<image_list> read_multi(byte_source* s, ImageFactory* f);
                                      ^
  imread/lib/base.h:239:45: note: hidden overloaded virtual function 'ImageFormat::read_multi' declared here: different number of parameters (3 vs 2)
          virtual std::unique_ptr<image_list> read_multi(byte_source* src, ImageFactory* factory, const options_map&) {
                                              ^
  2 warnings generated.
  gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/lib/numpy.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib/numpy.o -stdlib=libc++
  In file included from imread/lib/numpy.cpp:4:
  In file included from imread/lib/numpy.h:8:
  imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
          void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                               ^
  1 warning generated.
  gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/lib/_bmp.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib/_bmp.o -stdlib=libc++
  In file included from imread/lib/_bmp.cpp:5:
  imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
          void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                               ^
  imread/lib/_bmp.cpp:108:12: error: calling a private constructor of class 'std::__1::unique_ptr<Image, std::__1::default_delete<Image> >'
      return output;
             ^
  /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/memory:2535:3: note: declared private here
    unique_ptr(unique_ptr&);
    ^
  1 warning and 1 error generated.
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for imread
  Running setup.py clean for imread
Failed to build imread
Installing collected packages: imread
    Running setup.py install for imread ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-record-7oz3j6hu/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/imread
         cwd: /private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/
    Complete output (125 lines):
    sh: pkg-config: command not found
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    copying imread/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    copying imread/imread_version.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    copying imread/ijrois.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    copying imread/special.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    copying imread/imread.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_tiff.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_rois.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_webp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_jpeg.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_imread_from_blob.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_imread.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_xcf.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_formats.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_imsave.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_error.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_bad.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_png.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    copying imread/tests/test_bmp.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/good.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/bit1.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/1_webp_a.webp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/rois.zip -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/rgba.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/ghsystem_flame.jpg -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/star1.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/stack.tiff -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/T -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/0186-0099.roi -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/error.unknown -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/error.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/error.jpg -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/good -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/arange512_16bit.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/diag.xcf -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/palette_zero.png -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/py-installer-indexed.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/mono.tif -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/error.tif -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    copying imread/tests/data/error.webp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/TIFF
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/TIFF/00r00.tiff -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/TIFF
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r05.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r04.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r06.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r03.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r02.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r00.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r/00r01.bmp -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/BMP/00r
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r03.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r/00r01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/00r
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r/02r00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r/02r01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r/02r02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/02r
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r/01r01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r/01r00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r/01r02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/01r
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w03.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w02.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w00.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
    copying imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w/03w01.lsm -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/tests/data/bad-files/LSM/03w
    running build_ext
    building 'imread._imread' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/_imread.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/_imread.o -stdlib=libc++
    In file included from imread/_imread.cpp:20:
    imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
            void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                                 ^
    1 warning generated.
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/lib/formats.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib/formats.o -stdlib=libc++
    In file included from imread/lib/formats.cpp:4:
    In file included from imread/lib/formats.h:6:
    imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
            void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                                 ^
    In file included from imread/lib/formats.cpp:9:
    imread/lib/_tiff.h:41:37: warning: 'STKFormat::read_multi' hides overloaded virtual function [-Woverloaded-virtual]
            std::unique_ptr<image_list> read_multi(byte_source* s, ImageFactory* f);
                                        ^
    imread/lib/base.h:239:45: note: hidden overloaded virtual function 'ImageFormat::read_multi' declared here: different number of parameters (3 vs 2)
            virtual std::unique_ptr<image_list> read_multi(byte_source* src, ImageFactory* factory, const options_map&) {
                                                ^
    2 warnings generated.
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/lib/numpy.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib/numpy.o -stdlib=libc++
    In file included from imread/lib/numpy.cpp:4:
    In file included from imread/lib/numpy.h:8:
    imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
            void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                                 ^
    1 warning generated.
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MahotasImread_PyArray_API_Symbol -DIMREAD_EXCLUDE_WEBP=1 -I/usr/local/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I/Users/matinsaurralde/Library/Python/3.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c imread/lib/_bmp.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/imread/lib/_bmp.o -stdlib=libc++
    In file included from imread/lib/_bmp.cpp:5:
    imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
            void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }
                                                 ^
    imread/lib/_bmp.cpp:108:12: error: calling a private constructor of class 'std::__1::unique_ptr<Image, std::__1::default_delete<Image> >'
        return output;
               ^
    /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/memory:2535:3: note: declared private here
      unique_ptr(unique_ptr&);
      ^
    1 warning and 1 error generated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-install-yzh0j2tc/imread/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/xt/0v5vcz0s2dg46z8x7j6c4yf80000gn/T/pip-record-7oz3j6hu/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/imread Check the logs for full command output.

当我在其他地方阅读时，我已经尝试使用pip3 install imread --no-cache-dir，但根本没有用。我已经做了brew install gcc，但没有成功。我通过终端使用xcode-select --install 删除并重新安装了命令行工具，但仍然无法正常工作。

我可以在第一行读到“要求已经满足”，但我检查了 imread 肯定没有安装。

环境：

  • macOS Catalina 10.15.4

  • python 3.7.7（我尝试使用 pip 在 python 2.7 中安装它，但是 还是不行）。

  • pip 版本 = 来自 /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7) 的 pip 20.1

如果有人能找到解决方案，我将不胜感激！我一直在寻找解决方案，但找不到！

【问题讨论】：

    标签： python python-3.x gcc pip imread


    【解决方案1】：

    上面写的很清楚：

    sh: pkg-config: command not found

    所以你必须安装pkg-config 然后再试一次。

    【讨论】：

    • 我确实通过 brew 安装了 pkg-config。知道为什么它说找不到命令吗？
    【解决方案2】：

    您需要安装pkg-config 包。对于 MacOSX，您可以在 Brew 或其他软件集合中找到它，例如 thus sourceforge repository

    第二个（也许是实际的）错误是 gcc 的错误。考虑线

     imread/lib/base.h:138:46: warning: rvalue references are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
      void push_back(std::unique_ptr<Image>&& p) { content.push_back(p.release()); }

    我希望您的 gcc 已经很老了。它的实际版本是什么？尝试运行gcc -v 找出答案。

    更新：

    作为非 Mac 用户，我会选择 gcc :-) 。要从 brew 安装 gcc-9+，请使用 brew install gcc 命令。然后检查gcc和g++是否实际安装：

    g++-9 --version

    我还会按照https://stackoverflow.com/a/17940219/3159253 中的建议检查 C++ 标准库：

    `gcc-9 -print-prog-name=cc1plus` -v

    确保路径指向相对较新版本的 C++ 库，而不是您评论中的 4.2.1。

    你应该在运行pip时显式使用它：

    CC=gcc-9 pip install imread

    【讨论】：

    • 我做了 gcc -v 并且输出是： 配置为： --prefix=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr --with-gxx-include-dir=/Applications/ Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/c++/4.2.1 Apple clang 版本 11.0.3 (clang-1103.0.32.59) 目标：x86_64-apple- darwin19.4.0 线程模型：posix InstalledDir：/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin
    • 哎哟。它似乎使用了相当过时的libstdc++ 标头（-with-gxx-include-dir=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/c++/4.2.1）。可能你别无选择，只能更新工具链
    • 谢谢！事实是，我对环境非常陌生，对这些工具了解不多，如果您告诉我如何更新这些工具，将会对我有很大帮助！
    • 我已经通过 brew 安装了 gcc，但我还是重新安装了它。 'g++-9 --version' 返回 'g++-9 (Homebrew GCC 9.3.0_1) 9.3.0'。路径指向相对较新版本的 C++ 库，而不是 4.2.1。 “CC=gcc-9 pip install imread”给我一个错误“gcc-9：错误：无法识别的命令行选项“-stdlib=libc++”错误：命令“gcc-9”失败，退出状态为 1”。无法安装:(
    • 看起来 MacOSX 上的 pip 被硬编码为仅限 clang。看到这个：stackoverflow.com/questions/34654682/…。那么似乎唯一唯一“正确”的方法是更新clang编译器。或者，您可以找到 Python PIP 机器构成 C++ 编译器命令行的位置并删除 -stdlib=... 部分，但我会尽量保持默认值。您应该尝试更新 Xcode 工具附带的 clang，或 embeddedartistry.com/blog/2017/02/24/…
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