如何在 STM32CubeMX Makefile 中添加静态库？视窗答案

【问题标题】：How to add static library in STM32CubeMX Makefile? Windows如何在 STM32CubeMX Makefile 中添加静态库？视窗
【发布时间】：2020-09-22 07:14:06
【问题描述】：

我有一个由 STM32CubeMX 为项目生成的 Makefile。我在以下文件夹中有一个预编译的静态库文件 lib1.a。

Project Dir/
 Core/
  Lib/
   lib1.a header1.h header2.h

我一直在尝试添加这个静态库文件，但它说

找不到-llib1

如何将此库添加到我的 Makefile？我在 Windows 10 上使用 VS Code 使用 GNU ARM 和 OpenOCD 编译 Makefile。

######################################
# target
######################################
TARGET = APComV2


######################################
# building variables
######################################
# debug build?
DEBUG = 1
# optimization
OPT = -Og


#######################################
# paths
#######################################
# Build path
BUILD_DIR = build

######################################
# source

######################################
# C sources
C_SOURCES =  \
Core/Src/main.c \
Core/Src/gpio.c \
Core/Src/usart.c \
Core/Src/stm32l4xx_it.c \
Core/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_msp.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_tim.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_tim_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_uart.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_uart_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_i2c.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_i2c_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_rcc.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_rcc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_flash.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_flash_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_flash_ramfunc.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_gpio.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_dma.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_dma_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_pwr.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_pwr_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_cortex.c \
Drivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32l4xx_hal_exti.c \
Core/Src/system_stm32l4xx.c

# ASM sources
ASM_SOURCES =  \
startup_stm32l433xx.s


#######################################
# binaries
#######################################
PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-
# The gcc compiler bin path can be either defined in make command via 
GCC_PATH variable (> make GCC_PATH=xxx)
# either it can be added to the PATH environment variable.
ifdef GCC_PATH
CC = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)size
else
CC = $(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(PREFIX)size
endif
HEX = $(CP) -O ihex
BIN = $(CP) -O binary -S

#######################################
# CFLAGS
#######################################
# cpu
CPU = -mcpu=cortex-m4

# fpu
FPU = -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16

# float-abi
FLOAT-ABI = -mfloat-abi=hard

# mcu
MCU = $(CPU) -mthumb $(FPU) $(FLOAT-ABI)

# macros for gcc
# AS defines
AS_DEFS = 

# C defines
C_DEFS =  \
-DUSE_HAL_DRIVER \
-DSTM32L433xx


# AS includes
AS_INCLUDES = 

# C includes
C_INCLUDES =  \
-ICore/Inc \
-ICore/Lib/ \
-IDrivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32L4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32L4xx/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include


# compile gcc flags
ASFLAGS = $(MCU) $(AS_DEFS) $(AS_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections - 
ffunction-sections

CFLAGS = $(MCU) $(C_DEFS) $(C_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections - 
ffunction-sections

ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
CFLAGS += -g -gdwarf-2
endif


# Generate dependency information
CFLAGS += -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)"


#######################################
# LDFLAGS
#######################################
# link script
LDSCRIPT = STM32L433RCTxP_FLASH.ld

# libraries
LIBS = -lc -lm -lnosys -llib1
LIBDIR = -LCore/Lib/
LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nano.specs -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,- 
Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections

# default action: build all
all: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).hex 
$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).bin


#######################################
# build the application
#######################################
# list of objects
OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(C_SOURCES:.c=.o)))
vpath %.c $(sort $(dir $(C_SOURCES)))
# list of ASM program objects
OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(ASM_SOURCES:.s=.o)))
vpath %.s $(sort $(dir $(ASM_SOURCES)))

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.c Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR) 
$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(<:.c=.lst)) $< -o 
$@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.s Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
$(AS) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS) Makefile
$(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
$(SZ) $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.hex: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
$(HEX) $< $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.bin: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
$(BIN) $< $@    

$(BUILD_DIR):
mkdir $@        

#######################################
# clean up
#######################################
clean:
-rm -fR $(BUILD_DIR)

#######################################
# dependencies
#######################################
-include $(wildcard $(BUILD_DIR)/*.d)

# *** EOF ***

编辑：我在上面添加了完整的 Makefile。我在这个文件中添加的行是：

-ICore/Lib\

-llib1 -LCore/Lib/

我正在使用以下命令。

全部制作-j4

所有源代码都编译得很好，但是在链接库时会给出以下输出

arm-none-eabi-gcc build/main.o build/gpio.o build/usart.o 
build/stm32l4xx_it.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_msp.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_tim.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_tim_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_uart.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_uart_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_i2c.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_i2c_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_rcc.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_rcc_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_flash.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_flash_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_flash_ramfunc.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_gpio.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_dma.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_dma_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_pwr.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_pwr_ex.o build/stm32l4xx_hal_cortex.o 
build/stm32l4xx_hal_exti.o build/system_stm32l4xx.o 
build/startup_stm32l433xx.o -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 - 
mfloat-abi=hard -specs=nano.specs -TSTM32L433RCTxP_FLASH.ld -LCore/Lib/ -lc - 
lm -lnosys -llib1 -Wl,-Map=build/APComV2.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections -o 
build/APComV2.elf

c:/program files (x86)/gnu arm embedded toolchain/9 2020-q2- 
update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none- 
eabi/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -llib1

collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

make: *** [build/APComV2.elf] Error 1

The terminal process 
"C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -Command make -j4 
all" terminated with exit code: 1.

请指出我的错误并帮助我解决这个链接器问题。

【问题讨论】：

只是为了让别人知道。我现在找到了一个临时解决方案，方法是在 Makefile 中添加源代码进行编译，我确实希望将其包含在任何版本中。但仍在等待是否有人可以帮助我。
我是个菜鸟，但为什么-LCore/Lib -L 在做什么？不应该只是路径吗？
-L 用于目录参考以查找 .a 文件。我不知道我做错了什么我在 linux 上创建一个项目克隆来找出....
无法判断问题出在哪里，因为您没有告诉我们哪个目标构建失败，也没有向我们展示构建目标的 make 规则和命令运行链接器时打印的行。所以，我们无法猜测问题出在哪里。
我已经编辑了帖子。

标签： c makefile static-libraries stm32

【解决方案1】：

我认为您的问题是，您的库名称。你的 lib 的名字是 lib1 并且你总是要忽略 lib 前缀，所以 -l1 是不正确的。

例子：

Library’s name should start with lib
Name: libmystaticlib.a
Linker Option: -lmystaticlib
Path Opion: -L/path/to/lib

【讨论】：