for 循环错误地输出指数

Question

我在处理这段代码时遇到了很多麻烦。作业是：

您将编写一个程序来处理员工及其工资。对于每位员工，该程序将读取员工的姓名和小时工资率。它还应该读入连续 5 天每天工作的小时数，并计算他或她的总工作小时数。您必须使用循环读取小时数。程序应输出员工姓名、工资总额、预扣税总额和净工资。”
预扣税由州税、联邦税和 FICA 组成。就本计划而言，州税将为总工资的 1.25%。 FICA 将是总工资的 7.65%。如果总工资低于 500 美元，联邦税将为总工资的 15%，否则为 25%。
您不知道有多少员工，但会有员工姓名的哨兵。哨兵“完成”

代码可以编译，但是输出总是大指数。谢谢你的建议。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<iomanip>

using namespace std;

void instructions(string &name, float &rate, float &sum);
string getName();
float getRate();
float getHours();
float calcPay(float rate, float sum);
float calcGross(float pay);
float calcAmount(float gross);
float calcNet(float gross, float with);
void output(string name, float rate, float sum, float with, float gross, float net, float\
 pay);

int main()
{
    string name, done;
    int counter;
    float rate, sum, gross, with, pay, net;
    instructions(name, rate, sum);
    calcPay(rate, sum);
    output(name, rate, sum, with, gross, net, pay);
    return 0;
}

void instructions(string &name, float &rate, float &sum)
{
    name = getName();
    rate = getRate();
    sum = getHours();
}

string getName()
{
    string name, done;
    cout<<"Enter the name of the employee: "<<" ";
    cin>>name;
    if (name == done)
    {
      cout <<"bye!";
    }
    return name;
}

float getRate()
{
    float rate;
    cout<<"Enter the hourly pay rate: "<<" ";
    cin>>rate;
    return rate;
}

float getHours()
{
    int counter;
    float hours, sum=0;
    for (counter=1; counter <=5; counter++)
    {
      cout<<"Enter the number of hours worked for Day "<<counter<<":"<<" ";
      cin>> hours;
      sum += hours;
    }
    return sum;
}

float calcPay(float rate, float sum)
{
    float pay;
    pay = rate * sum;
    return pay;
}

float calcGross (float pay)
{
    float gross;
    gross = (pay * .89);
    return gross;
}

float calcAmount(float gross)
{
    float with;
    if (gross >500)
    with = (gross *.15);
    else
    with = (gross *.25);
    return with;
}

float calcNet(float gross, float with)
{
    float net;
    net = gross - with;
    return net;
}

void output(string name, float rate, float sum, float with, float gross, float net, float\
 pay)
{
    gross = calcGross(pay);
    with = calcAmount(gross);
    net = calcNet(gross, with);
    cout<<"Payroll"<<'\n';
    cout<<"======================================="<<'\n';
    cout<<"Employee name:                        "<<name<<'\n';
    cout<<"Gross pay:                            $ "<<setprecision(2)<<gross<<'\n';
    cout<<"Total Withholding:                    $ "<<setprecision(2)<<with<<'\n';
    cout<<"Net pay:                              $ "<<setprecision(2)<<net<<'\n';
}

示例运行：

Enter the name of the employee:  Alice
Enter the hourly pay rate:  7.75
Enter the number of hours worked for Day 1: 5
Enter the number of hours worked for Day 2: 6
Enter the number of hours worked for Day 3: 5
Enter the number of hours worked for Day 4: 4
Enter the number of hours worked for Day 5: 5
Payroll
=======================================
Employee name:                        Alice
Gross pay:                            $ -1.9e+38
Total Withholding:                    $ -4.8e+37
Net pay:                              $ -1.4e+38

Answer 1

您似乎没有初始化“支付”的值。

我错过了你初始化它的地方吗？

也许你的意思是：

pay = calcPay(rate, sum);

等等

另外：如果您在输出（...）中计算“with”、“gross”和“net”，您可能不应该将它们作为未初始化的变量传递。您的意思是让它们出来（例如参考）还是它们之前被初始化？

Answer 2

在代码中变量pay、gross、pay和net没有被初始化。由于上面的代码是这样的：

int main()
{
    string name, done;
    int counter;
    float rate, sum, gross, with, pay, net;
    instructions(name, rate, sum);
    pay = calcPay(rate, sum);
    gross = calcGross(pay);
    with = calcAmount(gross);
    net = calcNet(gross, with);
    output(name, rate, sum, with, gross, net, pay);
    return 0;
}

输出给出指数，因为在代码中明确放置了<<setprecision(2)。由于人类可读性，我只是在下面的代码中省略了精度：

void output(string name, float rate, float sum, float with, float gross, float net, float\
pay)
{
    gross = calcGross(pay);
    with = calcAmount(gross);
    net = calcNet(gross, with);
    cout<<"Payroll"<<'\n';
    cout<<"======================================="<<'\n';
    cout<<"Employee name:                        "<<name<<'\n';
    cout<<"Gross pay:                            $ "<<gross<<'\n';
    cout<<"Total Withholding:                    $ "<<with<<'\n';
    cout<<"Net pay:                              $ "<<net<<'\n';
}

Answer 3

您忘记在 main 函数中初始化变量。 像这样修改你的程序，然后它就可以运行了。

int main()
{
    string name, done;
    int counter;
    float rate, sum, gross, with, pay, net;
    instructions(name, rate, sum);
    pay=calcPay(rate, sum);
    output(name, rate, sum, with, gross, net, pay);
    return 0;
}

void output(string name, float rate, float sum, float& with, float& gross, float& net, float& pay)
{
    gross = calcGross(pay);
    with = calcAmount(gross);
    net = calcNet(gross, with);
    cout<<"Payroll"<<'\n';
    cout<<"======================================="<<'\n';
    cout<<"Employee name:                        "<<name<<'\n';
    cout<<"Gross pay:                            $ "<<gross<<'\n';
    cout<<"Total Withholding:                    $ "<<with<<'\n';
    cout<<"Net pay:                              $ "<<net<<'\n';
}